arjuna uvāca
kiṃ tad brahma kim adhy-ātmaṃ kiṃ karma puruṣottama
adhi-bhūtaṃ ca kiṃ proktam adhi-daivaṃ kim ucyate
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arjunaḥ (Arjuna) uvāca (he spoke):
he puruṣottama (O best among men),
tat brahma (that brahman) kim [
asti]
(what is it?),
adhy-ātmam (the Supreme Self) kim [
asti]
(what is it?),
karma (activity) kim [
asti]
(what is it?),
adhi-bhūtam (the Supreme Being) kim proktam (what is called?),
kim ca (and what?) adhi-daivam (the Supreme Divinity) ucyate (it is called).
| arjunaḥ |
– |
arjuna 1n.1 m. – white, clear, Arjuna; |
| uvāca |
– |
√vac (to speak) Perf. P 1v.1 – he spoke; |
| kim |
– |
kim sn. 1n.1 n. – what? |
| tat |
– |
tat sn. 1n.1 n. – that; |
| brahma |
– |
brahman 1n.1 n. – spirit, the Vedas (from: √bṛh – to increase); |
| kim |
– |
kim sn. 1n.1 n. – what? |
| adhy-ātmam |
– |
adhi-ātma 1n.1 n. – the Supreme Self (adhi – over, above; ātman – self); |
| kim |
– |
kim sn. 1n.1 n. – what? |
| karma |
– |
karman 1n.1 n. – activity (from: √kṛ – to do); |
| puruṣottama |
– |
puruṣa-uttama 8n.1 m.; TP: puruṣāṇām uttameti – O best among men (from: √pur – to precede, to lead or √pṝ – to fill, to nourish, puru – abundance, pūru – people; ut-tama – uppermost, highest, superlative of: ud – upwards, above); |
| adhi-bhūtam |
– |
adhi-bhūta 1n.1 n. – the Supreme Being (from: adhi – over, above; √bhū – to be, PP bhūta – been, real, world); |
| ca |
– |
av. – and; |
| kim |
– |
kim sn. 1n.1 n. – what? |
| proktam |
– |
prokta (pra-√vac – to declare, to speak) PP 1n.1 n. – spoken, called; |
| adhi-daivam |
– |
adhi-daiva 1n.1 n. – the Supreme Divinity (from: adhi – over, above; √div – to shine, to play, deva – god, divinity, daiva – divine, pertaining to divinities, destiny); |
| kim |
– |
kim sn. 1n.1 n. – what? |
| ucyate |
– |
√vac (to speak) Praes. pass. 1v.1 – it is spoken, it is called; |
adhy-ātmaṁ → adhy-ātma / adhy-ātman / adhy-ātmā (the Supreme Self);
adhi-bhūtaṁ → ādhi-bhūtaṁ (the Supreme Being);
kiṁ proktam → me proktam (spoken to me);
commentary under the verse BhG 8.2
commentary under the verse BhG 8.2
pūrvādhyāyānte bhagavatopakṣiptānāṃ brahmādhyātmādi-saptānāṃ padarthānāṃ tattvaṃ jijñāsur arjuna uvāca kiṃ tad brahmeti dvābhyām | spaṣṭo ‚rthaḥ
tava mama ca samatvāt kathaṃ tvaṃ māṃ pṛcchasīti śaṅkām apanudan sarva-puruṣebhya uttamasya sarvajñasya tava na kiṃcid ajñeyam iti saṃbodhanena sūcayati he puruṣottameti | adhibhūtaṃ ca kiṃ proktaṃ pṛthivyādibhūtam adhikṛtya yat kiṃcit kāryam adhibhūta-padena vivakṣitaṃ kiṃ vā samastam eva kārya-jātam | ca-kāraḥ sarveṣāṃ praśnānāṃ samuccayārthaḥ | adhidaivaṃ kim ucyate devatā-viṣayam anudhyānaṃ vā sarvadaivateṣv ādiyta-maṇḍalādiṣv anusyūtaṃ caitanyaṃ vā
commentary under the verse BhG 8.2
pūrvādhyāyānte mumukṣāṇāṃ jñeyatayoddiṣṭān brahmādīn saptārthān viboddhum arjunaḥ pṛcchati | kiṃ tad brahmeti kiṃ paramātma-caitanyaṃ vā | kiṃ jīvātma-caitanyaṃ vā tad brahmety arthaḥ | kim adhyātmam iti ātmānaṃ deham adhikṛtyeti nirukteḥ | śrotrādīndriya-vṛndaṃ vā sūkṣma-bhūta-vṛndaṃ vā tad iti | āvayos taulyāt kim iti māṃ pṛcchasīti śaṅkāṃ nivartayituṃ sambodhanaṃ he puruṣottameti | pareśatvāt tava sarvaṃ suviditaṃ na tu memeti bhāvaḥ | adhibhūtaṃ ca kim iti bhūtāny adhikṛtyeti nirukter ghaṭyādi-kāryaṃ vā sthūla-śarīraṃ vā tad iti | adhidaivaṃ kim iti devatā-viṣayakam anudhyānaṃ vā samaṣṭir virāṭ vā tad iti
