BhG 9.24

syntax

aham hi (I indeed) sarva-yajñānām (of all sacrifices) bhoktā ca (and enjoyer) prabhuḥ eva ca (and certainly master).
[te tu] (but they) tattvena (truly) mām (me) na abhijānanti (they do not distinguish),
ataḥ [te] (for this reason they) cyavanti (they fall).

grammar

aham	–	asmat sn. 1n.1 – I;
hi	–	av. – because, just, indeed, surely;
sarva-yajñānām	–	sarva-yajña 6n.3 m.; sarvāṇāṁ yajñānām iti – of all sacrifices (from: sarva – all, whole; √yaj – to consecrate, to sacrifice, to worship, yajña – sacrifice, worship, name of Viṣṇu);
bhoktā	–	bhoktṛ 1n.1 m. – one who eats, enjoys (from: √bhuj – to eat, to enjoy);
ca	–	av. – and;
prabhuḥ	–	pra-bhu 1n.1 m. – perfect, powerful, rich, master, lord (from: pra- – prefix: in front, much; √bhū – to be);
eva	–	av. – certainly, just, merely;
ca	–	av. – and;
na	–	av. – not;
tu	–	av. – but, then, or, and;
mām	–	asmat sn. 2n.1 – me;
abhijānanti	–	abhi-√jñā (to distinguish) Praes. P 1v.3 – they distinguish, they understand;
tattvena	–	av. – truly (from: tat – to, abst. tat-tva – truth, reality);
ataḥ	–	av. – from this, hence, therefore (indeclinable ablative with an ending -tas);
cyavanti	–	√cyu (to fall, to go) Praes. P 1v.3 – they fall;
te	–	tat sn. 1n.3 m. – they;

textual variants

sarva-yajñānāṁ → sarva-bhūtānāṁ (of all beings);
cyavanti → calaṁti / vyacaṁti / cavaṁti / calaṁte (they shake / they bend / they shake);

Śāṃkara

kasmāt te’vidhi-pūrvakaṃ yajanta ity ucyate | yasmāt—

ahaṃ hi sarva-yajñānāṃ śrautānāṃ smārtānāṃ ca sarveṣāṃ yajñānāṃ devatātmatvena bhoktā ca prabhur eva ca | mat-svāmiko hi yajñaḥ, adhiyajño’ham evātra [gītā 8.4] iti hy uktam | tathā na tu mām abhijānanti tattvena yathāvat | ataś cāvidhi-pūrvakam iṣṭvā yāga-phalāc cyavanti pracyavante te

Rāmānuja

atas traividyā indrādiśarīrasya paramapuruṣasyārādhanāny etāni karmāṇi; ārādhyaś ca sa eveti na jānanti, te ca parimitaphalabhāginaś cyavanasvabhāvāś ca bhavanti; tad āha

prabhur eva ca tatra tatra phalapradātā cāham eva ityarthaḥ

Śrīdhara

etad eva vivṛṇoti aham iti | sarveṣāṃ yajñānāṃ tat-tad-devatā-rūpeṇāham eva bhoktā | prabhuś ca svāmī | phala-dātā cāpy aham evety arthaḥ | evambhūtaṃ māṃ te tattvena yathāvan nābhijānanti | ataś cyavanti pracyavante punar āvartante | ye tu sarva-devatāsu mām evātaryāminaṃ paśyanto yajanti te tu nāvartante

Madhusūdana

avidhi-pūrvakatvaṃ vivṛṇvan phala-pracyutim amīṣām āha aham hīti | ahaṃ bhagavān vāsudeva eva sarveṣāṃ yajñānāṃ śrautānāṃ smārtānāṃ ca tat-tad-devatā-rūpeṇa bhoktā ca svenāntaryāmi-rūpeṇādhiyajñatvāt prabhuś ca phala-dātā ceti prasiddham etat | devatāntara-yājinas tu mām īdṛśaṃ tattvena bhoktṛtvena prabhutvena ca bhagavān vāsudeva eva vastv-ādi-rūpeṇa yajñānāṃ bhoktā svena rūpeṇa ca phala-dātā na tad-anyo ‚sti kaścid ārādhya ity evaṃ-rūpeṇa na jānanti | ato mat-svarūpāparijñānān mahatāyāseneṣṭvāpi mayy anarpita-karmāṇas tat-tad-deva-lokaṃ dhūmādi-mārgeṇa gatvā tad-bhogānte cyavanti pracyavante tad-bhoga-janaka-karma-kṣayāt tad-dehādi-viyuktāḥ punar deha-grahaṇāya manuṣya-lokaṃ pratyāvartante | ye tu tat-tad-devatāsu bhagavantam eva sarvāntaryāmiṇaṃ paśyanto yajante te bhagavad-arpita-karmāṇas tad-vidyā-sahita-karma-vaśād arcir-ādi-mārgeṇa brahma-lokaṃ gatvā tatrotpanna-samyag-darśanās tad-bhogānte mucyanta iti vivekaḥ

Viśvanātha

avidhi-pūrvakatvaṃ evāha aham iti | devatāntara-rūpeṇāham eva bhoktā prabhuḥ svāmī phala-dātā cāham evati | māṃ tu tattvena na jānanti | yathā sūryasyāham upāsakaḥ | sūrya eva mayi prasīdatu | sūrya eva mad-abhīṣṭaṃ phalaṃ dadātu | sūrya eva parameśvara iti teṣāṃ buddhiḥ | na tu parameśvaro nārāyaṇa eva sūryaḥ | sa eva tādṛśa-śraddhotpādakaḥ | sa eva mahyaṃ sūryopāsanā-phala-pradaḥ | iti buddhi-ratas tattvato mad-abhijñānābhāvāt te cyavante | bhagavān nārāyaṇa eva sūryādi-rūpeṇārādhyate iti bhāvanayā viśvato-mukhaṃ mām upāsīnās tu mucyanta eva | tasmān mad-vibhūtiṣu sūryādiṣu pūjā mad-vibhūti-jñāna-pūrvikaiva kartavyā | na tv anyathā iti dyotitam

Baladeva

avidhi-pūrvakatāṃ darśayati ahaṃ hīti | aham evendrādi-rūpeṇa sarveṣāṃ yajñānāṃ bhoktā prabhuḥ svāmī pālakaḥ phaladaś cety evaṃ tattvena māṃ nābhijānanti | atas te cyavanti saṃsaranti