BhG 9.10

syntax

he kaunteya (O son of Kuntī!),
mayā (by me) adhyakṣeṇa (by supervisor) prakṛtiḥ (nature) sa-carācaram [viśvam] (the world with moving and non-moving [creatures]) sūyate (it gives birth).
[evam] (thus) anena hetunā (for this reason) jagat (world) viparivartate (it revolves).

grammar

mayā	–	asmat sn. 3n.1 – by me;
adhyakṣeṇa	–	adhi-akṣa 3n.1 m. – by an eye-witness, by supervisor (adhi – over, above; √xīkṣ – to see, akṣa – an eye, a sense organ);
prakṛtiḥ	–	prakṛti 1n.1 f. – nature, primary substance, original cause (from: pra-√kṛ – to produce);
sūyate	–	√sū (to beget, to produce) Praes. Ā 1v.1 – it gives birth;
sa-carācaram	–	sa-cara-acara 2n.1 n.; DV / BV: yat caraiś cācaraiś ca sahāsti tat – being with the moving and non-moving [creatures] (from: sa – together with, in common, short form of: saha or sama; occurs mostly in compounds, requires instrumental; √car –to move, to go, cara – moving, living; a-cara – non-moving, not living);
hetunā	–	hetu 3n.1 m. – by the cause, on account of;
anena	–	idam sn. 3n.1 m. – by this;
kaunteya	–	kaunteya 8n.1 m. – O son of Kuntī (from: kunti – the people of Kunti, kuntī – Kuntī, mother of the sons of Pāṇḍu);
jagat	–	jagat 1n.1 n. – world, moving, mankind (from: √gam – to go);
viparivartate	–	vi-pari-√vṛt (to revolve, to move, to return) Praes. Ā 1v.1 – it revolves;

Śāṃkara

tatra bhūta-grāmam imaṃ visṛjāmy udāsīnavad āsīnam iti ca viruddham ucyate, iti tat-parihārārtham āha—

mayādhyakṣeṇa sarvato dṛśi-mātra-svarupeṇāvikriyātmanādhyakṣeṇa mayā, mama māyā triguṇātmikāvidyā-lakṣaṇā prakṛtiḥ sūyate utpādayati sa-carācaraṃ jagat | tathā ca mantra-varṇaḥ—

eko devaḥ sarva-bhūteṣu gūḍhaḥ
sarva-vyāpī sarva-bhūtāntarātmā |
karmādhyakṣaḥ sarva-bhūtādhivāsaḥ
sākṣī cetā kevalo nirguṇaś ca || [śāstrvetuttaṃ 6.11] iti |

hetunā nimittenānenādhyakṣatvena kaunteya jagat sa-carācaraṃ vyaktāvyaktātmakaṃ viparivartate sarvāvasthāsu | dṛśi-karmatvāpatti-nimittā hi jagataḥ sarvā pravṛttiḥ—aham idaṃ bhokṣye, paśyāmīdam, śṛṇomīdam, sukham anubhavāmi, duḥkham anubhavāmi, tad-artham idaṃ kariṣye, idaṃ jñāsyāmi, ity ādyāvagati-niṣṭhāvagaty-avasānaiva | yo asyādhyakṣaḥ parame vyoman [rādhāk 8.7.17.7, sthitaittbhāv 2.8.9] ity ādayaś ca mantrā etam arthaṃ darśayanti | tataś caikasya devasya sarvādhyakṣa-bhūta-caitanya-mātrasya paramārthataḥ sarva-bhogānabhisaṃbandhino’nyasya cetanāntarasyābhāve bhoktur anyasyābhāvāt | kiṃ-nimitteyaṃ sṛṣṭir ity atra praśna-prativacane’nupapanne, ko addhā veda ka iha pravocat | kuta ājātā kuta iyaṃ visṛṣṭiḥ [rādhāk 8.7.17.8] ity ādi-mantra-varṇebhyaḥ | darśitaṃ ca bhagavatā—ajñānenāvṛtaṃ jñānaṃ tena muhyanti jantavaḥ [gītā 5.15] iti

Rāmānuja

tasmāt kṣetrajñakarmānuguṇaṃ madīyā prakṛtiḥ satyasaṅkalpena mayā+adhyakṣeṇekṣitā sacarācaraṃ jagat sūyate / anena kṣetrajñakarmānuguṇamadīkṣaṇena hetunā jagat parivartata iti matsvāmyaṃ satyasaṅkalpatvaṃ nairghṛṇyādidoṣarahitatvam ity evam ādikaṃ mama vasudevasūnor aiśvaraṃ yogaṃ paśya / yathā+āha śrutiḥ, „asmān māyī sṛjate viśvam etat tasmiṃś cānyo māyayā sanniruddhaḥ / māyāṃ tu prakṛtiṃ vidyān māyinaṃ tu mheśvaram // BhGR_1.” iti

Śrīdhara

tad evopapādayati mayeti | mayādhyakṣeṇādhiṣṭhātrā nimitta-bhūtena prakṛtiḥ sa-carācaraṃ viśvaṃ sūyate janayati | anena mad-adhiṣṭhānena hetunedaṃ jagad viparivartate punaḥ punar jāyate | sannidhi-mātreṇādhiṣṭhātṛtvāt kartṛtvam udāsīnatvaṃ cāviruddham iti bhāvaḥ

Madhusūdana

bhūta-grāmam imaṃ visṛjāmy udāsīnavad āsīnam iti ca paraspara-viruddham iti śaṅkā-parihārārthaṃ punar māyāmayatvam eva prakaṭayati mayeti | mayā sarvato-dṛśi-mātra-svarūpeṇāvikriyeṇādhyakṣeṇa niyantrā bhāsakenāvabhāsitā prakṛtis triguṇātmikā sattvāsattvādibhir anirvācyā māyā sūyata utpādayati sa-carācaraṃ jagan māyāvinādhiṣṭhiteva māyā kalpita-gaja-turagādikam | na tv ahaṃ sva-kārya-māyābhāsanam antareṇa karomi vyāpārāntaram | hetunā nimittenānenādhyakṣatvena he kaunteya ! jagat sa-carācaraṃ viparivartate vividhaṃ parivartate janmādi-vināśāntaṃ dity-āder iva kartṛtvābhāvād udāsīnavad āsīnam ity uktam iti na virodhaḥ | tad uktam –

asya dvaitendra-jālasya yad upādāna-kāraṇam |
ajñānaṃ tad upāśritya brahma kāraṇam ucyate || iti |

śruti-smṛti-vādāś cātrārthe sahasraśa udāhāryāḥ

Viśvanātha

nanu sṛṣṭy-ādi-kartus tavedam audāsīnyaṃ na pratyemīty ata āha mayeti | adhyakṣeṇa mayā nimitta-bhūtena prakṛtiḥ sa-carācaraṃ jagat sūyate | prakṛtir eva jagat janayati | mamātrādhyakṣatā-mātram | yathā kasyacid ambarīṣāder iva bhūpateḥ prakṛtibhir eva rājya-kṛtyaṃ nirvāhyate | atrodāsīnasya bhūpateḥ sattā-mātram iti yathā tasya rāja-siṃhāsane sattā-mātreṇa vinā prakṛtibhiḥ kim api na śakyate kartum | tathaiva mamādhiṣṭhāna-lakṣaṇam adhyakṣatvaṃ vinā prakṛtir api jaḍā kim api kartuṃ na śaknotīti bhāvaḥ | anena mad-adhiṣṭhānena hetunedaṃ jagat viparivartate punaḥ punar jāyate

Baladeva

tat pratipādayati mayeti | satya-saṅkalpena prakṛty-adhyakṣeṇa mayā sarveśvareṇa jīva-pūrva-pūrva-karmānuguṇatayā vīkṣitā prakṛtiḥ sa-carācaraṃ jagat sūyate janayati | viṣama-guṇā satī anena jīva-pūrva-karmānuguṇena mad-vīkṣaṇena hetunā taj jagad viparivartate punaḥ punar udbhavati | he kaunteya | śrutiś caivam āha-
vikāra-jananīm ajñām aṣṭa-rūpām ajāṃ dhruvām |
dhyāyate ‚dhyāsitā tena tanyate preritā punaḥ |
sūyate puruṣārthaṃ ca tenaivādhiṣṭhitā jagat ||

iti sannidhi-mātreṇādhiṣṭhātṛtvāt kartṛtvam udāsaniṃ ca na viruddham | yathā sannidhi-mātreṇagandhaḥ kṣobhāya jāyate ity ādi smaraṇāc caitad evaṃ mad-adhiṣṭhātṛ-mātraṃ khalu prekṛter apekṣyam | mad-vinā kim api kartuṃ na sā prabhavet na hy asati rājñaḥ siṃhāsanādhiṣṭhātṛtve tad-amātyāḥ kārye prabhavaḥ