BhG 10.2

syntax

sura-gaṇāḥ (hosts of divinities) maharṣayaḥ [ca] (and great sages) me (my) prabhavam (source) na viduḥ (they did not learned).
aham hi (I indeed) devānām (of the divinities) maharṣīṇām ca (and of great sages) sarvaśaḥ (in every respect) ādiḥ (the beginning) [asmi] (I am).

grammar

na	–	av. – not;
me	–	asmat sn. 6n.1 – my (shortened form of: mama);
viduḥ	–	√vid (to know, to understand) Perf. P 1v.3 – they got to know, they learned;
sura-gaṇāḥ	–	sura-gaṇa 1n.3 m.; TP: surāṇāṁ ganā iti – hosts of divinities (from: sura – god, divinity; √gaṇ – to count, to sum up, gaṇa – group, flock, troop, series, class);
prabhavam	–	prabhava 2n.1 m. – birth, source (from: pra-√bhū – to spring up from, to produce);
na	–	av. – not;
maha-rṣayaḥ	–	maha-rṣi 1n.3 m. – great sages (from: √mah – to magnify, mahant – great; √ṛṣ – to flow, to move quickly, or √dṛś – to see; ṛṣi – sage, seer);
aham	–	asmat sn. 1n.1 – I;
ādiḥ	–	ādi 1n.1 m. – beginning, origin;
hi	–	av. – because, just, indeed, surely;
devānām	–	deva 6n.3 m. – of the gods, divinities (from: √div – to shine, to play);
maha-rṣīṇām	–	maha-rṣi 6n.3 m. – of great sages (from: √mah – to magnify, mahant – great; √ṛṣ – to flow, to move quickly, or √dṛś – to see; ṛṣi – sage, seer);
ca	–	av. – and;
sarvaśaḥ	–	av. – completely, entirely, altogether, on all sides (from: sarva – all, whole);

textual variants

prabhavaṁ → prabhāvaṁ (power);
na maha-rṣayaḥ → no maha-rṣayaḥ / ca maha-rṣayaḥ (our [source], great sages / and great sages);
hi → ca (and);

Śāṃkara

kim-artham ahaṃ vakṣyāmīty ata āha—

na me vidur na jānanti sura-gaṇā brahmādayaḥ | kiṃ te na viduḥ ? mama prabhavaṃ prabhāvaṃ prabhu-śakty-atiśayam, athavā prabhavaṃ prabhavanam utpattim | nāpi maharṣayo bhṛgv-ādayo viduḥ | kasmāt te na vidur ity ucyate—aham ādiḥ kāraṇaṃ hi yasmād devānāṃ maharṣīṇāṃ ca sarvaśaḥ sarva-prakāraiḥ

Rāmānuja

suragaṇā maharṣayaś cātīndriyārthadarśino ‚dhikatarajñānā api me prabhavaṃ prabhāvaṃ na viduḥ mama nāmakarmasvarūpasvabhāvādikaṃ na jānanti; yatas teṣāṃ devānāṃ maharṣīṇāṃ ca sarvaśo ‚ham ādiḥ teṣāṃ svarūpasya jñānaśaktyādeś cāham ādiḥ; teṣāṃ devatvamaharṣitvādihetubhūtapuṇyānuguṇaṃ mayā dattaṃ jñānaṃ parimitam; atas te parimitajñānā matsvarūpādikaṃ yathāvan na jānanti

Śrīdhara

uktasyāpi punar vacane durjñeyatvaṃ hetum āha na me vidur iti | me mama prakṛṣṭaṃ bhavaṃ janma-rahitasyāpi nānā-vibhūtibhir āvirbhāvaṃ sura-gaṇā api maharṣayo ‚pi bhṛgv-ādayo na jānanti | tatra hetuḥ — ahaṃ hi sarva-devānāṃ maharṣīṇāṃ cādiḥ kāraṇam | sarvaśaḥ sarvaiḥ prakāraiḥ utpādakatvena buddhy-ādi-pravartakatvena ca | ato mad-anugrahaṃ vinā māṃ ke ‚pi na jānantīty arthaḥ

Madhusūdana

prāg-bahudhoktam eva kim arthaṃ punar vakṣyasīty ata āha na me vidur iti | prabhavaṃ prabhāvaṃ prabhu-śakty-atiśayaṃ prabhavanam utpattim aneka-vibhūtibhir āvirbhāvaṃ vā sura-gaṇā indrādayo maharṣayaś ca bhṛgv-ādayaḥ sarvajñā api na me viduḥ | teṣāṃ tad-ajñāne hetum āha ahaṃ hi yasmāt sarveṣāṃ devānāṃ maharṣīṇāṃ ca sarvaśaḥ sarvaiḥ prakārair utpādakatvena buddhyādi-pravartakatvena ca nimittatvenopādānatvena ceti vādiḥ kāraṇāt | ato mad-vikārās te mat-prabhāvaṃ na jānantīty arthaḥ

Viśvanātha

etac ca kevalaṃ mad-anugrahātiśayenaiva vedyaṃ nānyathety āha na me iti | mama prabhavaṃ prakṛṣṭaṃ sarvaṃ vilakṣaṇaṃ bhavaṃ devakyāṃ janma deva-gaṇā na jānanti, te viṣayāviṣṭatvān na jānantu | ṛṣayas tu jānīyus tatrāha na maharṣayo ‚pi | tatra hetuḥ aham ādiḥ kāraṇaṃ sarvaśaḥ sarvair eva prakāraiḥ | na hi pitur janma-tattvaṃ putrā jānantīti bhāvaḥ | na hi te bhagavan vyaktiṃ vidur devā na dānavā [Gītā 10.14] ity agrimānuvādād atra prabhava-śabdasyānyārthatā na kalpyā

Baladeva

etac ca mad-bhaktānukampāṃ vinā durvijñānam iti bhāvavān āha na me iti | sura-gaṇā brahmādayo maharṣayaś ca sanakādayaḥ me prabhavaṃ prabhutvena bhavam anādi-divya-svarūpa-guṇa-vibhūti-mattayāvartanam iti yāvat na vidur na jānanti | kuta ity āha aham ādir iti | yad ahaṃ teṣām ādiḥ pūrva-kāraṇaṃ sarvaśaḥ sarvaiḥ prakārair utpādakatayā buddhy-ādi-dātṛtayā cety arthaḥ | devatvādikam aiśvaryādikaṃ ca mayaiva tebhyas tat-tad-ārādhana-tuṣṭena datta-mataḥ sva-pūrva-siddhaṃ māṃ mad-aiśvaryaṃ ca te na viduḥ | śrutiś caivam āha –

ko addhā veda ka iha prāvocat
kuta ā jātā kuta iyaṃ visṛṣṭiḥ |
arvāg-devā asya visarjanāya
athā ko veda yata ābabhūva [Rv 8.7.17, Taitt.Br. 2.8.9.76] iti,

naitad devā āpnuvan pūrvam arśat iti caivam ādyā