BhG 11.31

syntax

ugra-rūpaḥ (terrible form) bhavān (You) kaḥ [iti] (who?)
[tvam tat] (you that) me (to me) ākhyāhi (you must speak).
te (to you) namaḥ (obeisance) astu (it must be).
he deva-vara (O best of gods!) [tvam] (you) prasīda (be satisfied).
[aham] (I) ādyam bhavantam (You, the original) vijñātum (to know) icchāmi (I desire),
hi (indeed) tava (your) pravṛttim (activity) na prajānāmi (I do not understand).

grammar

ākhyāhi	–	ā-√khyā (to speak) Imperat. P 2v.1 – you must speak;
me	–	asmat sn. 4n.1 – to me (shortened form of: mahyam);
kaḥ	–	kim sn. 1n.1 m. – who?;
bhavān	–	bhavant 1n.1 m. – You (from: √bhū – to be, bha-vant – honorific form of address, looks like PPr of: √bhū, but differs in declension in: nominative singular; -mant / -vant – suffix denoting one who possesses);
ugra-rūpaḥ	–	ugra-rūpa 1n.1 m.; BV: yasya rūpam ugram asti saḥ – whose form is terrible (from: ugra – powerful, terrible, cruel; √rūp – to form, rūpa – shape, figure, beauty);
namaḥ	–	namaḥ 1n.1 n. – obeisance, salutation (from: √nam – to bend, to bow);
astu	–	√as (to be) Imperat. P 1v.1 – it must be;
te	–	yuṣmat sn. 4n.1 – to you (shortened form of: tubhyam);
deva-vara	–	deva-vara 8n.1 m.; TP: devānāṁ vareti – O best among gods (from: √div – to shine, to play, deva – god, divinity; √vṛ – to choose, to like, vara – chosen, the best, most excellent);
prasīda	–	pra-√sad (to settle down, to be pleased, to be successful) Imperat. P 2v.1 – be satisfied;
vijñātum	–	vi-√jñā (to distinguish, to know, to understand) inf. – to understand;
icchāmi	–	√iṣ (to desire) Praes. P 3v.1 – I desire;
bhavantam	–	bhavant 2n.1 m. – You (from: √bhū – to be, bha-vant – honorific form of address, looks like PPr of: √bhū, but differs in declension in: nominative singular; -mant / -vant – suffix denoting one who possesses);
ādyam	–	ādya 2n.1 m. – first, main, excellent;
na	–	av. – not;
hi	–	av. – because, just, indeed, surely;
prajānāmi	–	pra-√jñā (to understand) Praes. P 3v.1 – I understand;
tava	–	yuṣmat sn. 6n.1 – your;
pravṛttim	–	pravṛtti 2n.1 f. – activity (from: pra-√vṛt – to start to act, to surpass);

textual variants

bhavān → bhagavān (the Lord);
te deva-vara → deveśa-vara (the best among lords of gods);
vijñātum → vijñātam (understood);
hi → ca (and);

Śāṃkara

yataḥ evam ugra-svabhāvaḥ, ataḥ—
ākhyāhi kathaya me mahyaṃ ko bhavān ugra-rūpaḥ krūrākāraḥ | namo’stu te tubhyaṃ he deva-vara devānāṃ pradhāna, prasīda prasādaṃ kuru | vijñātuṃ viśeṣeṇa jñātum icchāmi bhavantam ādyam ādau bhavam ādyam, na hi yasmāt prajānāmi tava tvadīyāṃ pravṛttiṃ ceṣṭam

Rāmānuja

„darśayātmānam avyayam” iti tavāiśvaryaṃ niraṅkuśaṃ sākṣātkartuṃ prārthitena bhavatā niraṅkuśam aiśvaryaṃ darśayatā atighorarūpam idam āviṣkṛtam / atighorarūpaḥ ko bhavān, kiṃ kartuṃ pravṛtta iti bhavantaṃ jñātum icchāmi / tavābhipretāṃ pravṛttiṃ na jānāmi / etad ākhyāhi me / namo ‚stu te devavara! prasīda namas te ‚stu sarveśvara; evaṃ kartum, anenābhiprāyeṇedaṃ saṃhartṛrūpam āviṣkṛtam ity uktvā prasannarūpaś ca bhava

Śrīdhara

yata evaṃ tasmād ākhyāhīti | bhavān ugra-rūpaḥ kaḥ ? ity ākhyāhi ākhyāhi kathaya | te tubhyaṃ namo ‚stu | he deva-vara prasīda prasanno bhava | bhavantam ādyaṃ puruṣaṃ viśeṣeṇa jñātum icchāmi | yatas tava pravṛttim ceṣṭāṃ kim artham evaṃ pravṛtto ‚sīti na jānāmi | evaṃ bhūtasya tava pravṛttiṃ vārtām api na jānāmīti

Madhusūdana

yasmād evaṃ tasmād ākhyāhīti | evam ugra-rūpaḥ krūrākāraḥ ko bhavān ity ākhyāhi kathaya me mahyam atyantānugrāhyāya | ataeva namo ‚stu te tubhyaṃ sarva-gurave he deva-vara prasīda prasādaṃ kraurya-tyāgaṃ kuru | vijñātum viśeṣeṇa jñātum icchāmi bhavantam ādyaṃ sarva-kāraṇaṃ, na hi yasmāt tava sakhāpi san prajānāmi tava pravṛttim ceṣṭām

Viśvanātha

no commentary up to the verse BhG 11.35

Baladeva

evaṃ viśva-rūpaṃ vyañjita-kāla-śaktiṃ bhagavantam upavarṇya tat-tattva-vid apy arjunaḥ sva-jñāna-dārḍhyāya pṛcchati ākhyāhīti | darśayātmānam avyayam iti sahasra-śīrṣādi-lakṣaṇam aiśvaraṃ rūpaṃ darśayitum arthitena bhagavatā tad-rūpaṃ pradarśya tasya punar atighorā saṃhartṛtā pradarśyate | tatrogra-rūpo bhavān ka ity ākhyāhi kathaya | he deva-vara ! te namo ‚stu | prasīda tyajogra-rūpatām | ādyaṃ bhavantam ahaṃ viśeṣeṇa jñātum icchāmi | tava pravṛttiṃ ceṣṭāṃ ca na hi prajānāmi | kim artham evaṃ pravṛtto ‚sīti tat-prayojanaṃ cākhyāhīti