BhG 11.37

syntax

he mahātman (O you whose self is great!) he ananta (O endless one!) he deveśa (O lord of gods!) he jagan-nivāsa (O abode of the world!),
kasmāt ca (and why?) te (to you) brahmaṇaḥ api (even than brahman) garīyase (more important) ādi-kartre ca (and than the first creator) na nameran (they should not bow down).
yat sat (that which is existence) [yat] asat (that which is non-existence) [yat] tat-param (that which is higher than these two) [tat] akṣaram (that imperishable) tvam (you) [asi] (you are).

grammar

kasmāt	–	av. (5n.1) – why? (from: kim – what?);
ca	–	av. – and;
te	–	yuṣmat sn. 4n.1 – to you (shortened form of: tubhyam);
na	–	av. – not;
nameran	–	√nam (to bend, to bow) Pot. Ā 1v.3 – they should bow down;
mahātman	–	mahā-ātman 8n.1 m.; BV: yasyātmā mahān asti tvam – O you, whose self is great (from: √mah – to magnify, mahant – great; ātman – self);
garīyase	–	garīyas 4n.1 m. – heavier, better (comparative of: guru – garīyas, gariṣṭha);
brahmaṇaḥ	–	brahman 5n.1 n. – than the spirit, from the Veda (from: √bṛh – to increase);
api	–	av. – although, moreover, besides, even;
ādi-kartre	–	ādi-kartṛ 5n.1 n.; KD: ya ādiḥ karteti tasmai – than one who is the first and is a creator (ādi – beginning, the first; √kṛ – to do, kartṛ – a doer); or TP: yaḥ kartṝṇām ādir iti tasmai – than one who is the first among the creators;
ananta	–	an-anta 8n.1 m. – O endless one! (from: anta – the end, limit, boundary, death);
deveśa	–	deva-īśa 8n.1 m.; TP: devānām īśeti – O lord of gods! (from: √div – to shine, to play, deva – god, divinity; √xīś – to own, to reign, īśa – ruler, lord);
jagan-nivāsa	–	jagan-nivāsa 8n.1 m.; jagato nivāseti – O abode of the world! (from: √gam – to go, jagat – world, moving, mankind; ni-√vas – to dwell, to spend time, nivāsa – house, abode);
tvam	–	yuṣmat sn. 1n.1 – you;
akṣaram	–	a-kṣara 1n.1 n. – imperishable, a syllable (from: √kṣar – to flow, to perish, kṣara – perishable);
sat	–	sant (√as – to be) PPr 1n.1 n. – being, existing, true, the essence;
asat	–	a-sant (√as – to be) PPr 1n.1 n. – untrue, non-existing (from: sant – being, existing, true, the essence);
tat-param	–	tat-para 1n.1 n.; TP: tābhyāṁ param iti – higher than these two (from: tat – that; para – beyond, ancient, final, the best, the supreme);
yat	–	yat sn. 1n.1 n. – that which;

textual variants

kasmāc ca te → kasmāc caite (and why they);
nameran → namyur (they should bow down);
‘py ādikartre → hy ādikartre (indeed than the first among creators);
sad asat tat paraṁ → sad-asattaḥ paraṁ / sad-asatoḥ paraṁ (highr than existence and non-existence);

Śāṃkara

bhagavato harṣādi-viṣayatve hetuṃ darśayati—
kasmāc ca hetos te tubhyaṃ na nameran namaskuryur he mahātman ! garīyase gurutarāya | yato brahmaṇo hiraṇyagarbhasyāpi ādi-kartā kāraṇam atas tasmād ādi-kartre | katham ete na namaskuryuḥ ? ato harṣādīnāṃ namaskārasya ca sthānaṃ tvam arho viṣaya ity arthaḥ | he’nanta deveśa he jagan-nivāsa tvam akṣaraṃ tat param, yad vedānteṣu śrūyate | kiṃ tat ? sad asad iti | sad vidyamānam, asac ca yatra nāstīti buddhiḥ | ta upadhāna-bhūte sad-asatī yasyākṣarasya, yad-dvāreṇa sad asad ity upacaryate | paramārthatas tu sad-asatoḥ paraṃ tat akṣaraṃ yad akṣaraṃ veda-vido vadanti [gītā 8.11] | tat tvam eva, nānyad ity abhiprāyaḥ

Rāmānuja

kasmāc ca te na nameran mahātman garīyase brahmaṇo ‚py ādikartre |
mahātman, te tubhyaṃ garīyase brahmaṇaḥ hiraṇyagarbhasyāpi ādibhūtāya kartre hiraṇyagarbhādayaḥ kasmād dhetor na namaskuryuḥ
ananta deveśa jagannivāsa tvam evākṣaram / na kṣaratīty akṣaraṃ jīvātmatattvam / „na jāyate mriyate vā vipaścit” ity ādiśrutisiddho jīvātmā hi na kṣarati / sad asac ca tvam eva sadasacchabdanirdiṣṭaṃ kāryakāraṇabhāvenāvasthitaṃ prakṛtitattvaṃ, nāmarūpavibhāgavattayā kāryāvasthaṃ sacchabdanirdiṣṭaṃ tadanarhatayā kāraṇāvastham asacchabdanirdiṣṭaṃ ca tvam eva / tat param yat tasmāt prakṛteḥ prakṛtisaṃbandhinaś ca jīvātmanaḥ param anyan muktātmatattvaṃ yat, tad api tvam eva
tvam ādidevaḥ puruṣaḥ purāṇas tvam asya viśvasya paraṃ nidhānam |
atas tvam ādidevaḥ, puruṣaḥ purāṇaḥ, tvam asya viśvasya paraṃ nidhānam / nidhīyate tvayi viśvam iti tvam asya viśvasya paraṃ nidhānam; viśvasya śarīrabhūtasyātmatayā paramādhārabhūtas tvam evetyarthaḥ

Śrīdhara

tatra hetum āha kasmād iti | he mahātman ! he ananta ! he deveśa ! he jagannivāsa ! kasmād dhetos te tubhyaṃ na nameran na namaskāraṃ kuryuḥ ? kathambhūtāya brahmaṇo ‚py garīyase gurutarāya | ādi-kartre ca brahmaṇo ‚pi janakāya | kiṃ ca sad vyaktam asad-vyaktaṃ tābhyāṃ paraṃ mūla-kāraṇaṃ yad akṣaraṃ brahma | tac ca tvam eva | etair navabhir hetubhis tvāṃ sarve namasyantīti na citram ity arthaḥ

Madhusūdana

bhagavato harṣādi-viṣayatve hetum āha kasmāc ceti | kasmāc ca hetos te tubhyaṃ na nameran na namaskuryuḥ siddha-saṅghāḥ sarve ‚pi | he mahātman paramodāra-citta ! he ‚nanta sarva-pariccheda-śūnya ! he deveśa hiraṇyagarbhādīnām api devānāṃ niyantaḥ ! he jagan-nivāsa sarvāśraya ! tubhyaṃ kīdṛśāya brahmaṇo ‚pi garīyase gurutarāyādi-kartre tvam brahmaṇo ‚pi janakāya | niyantṛtvam upadeṣṭṛtvaṃ janakatvam ity ādir ekaiko ‚pi hetur namaskāryatā-prayojakaḥ kiṃ punar mahātmatvānantatva-jagan-nivāsatvādi-nānā-kalyāṇa-guṇa-samuccita ity anāścaryatā-sūcanārthaṃ namaskārasya kasmāc ceti vā-śabdārthaś ca-kāraḥ | kiṃ ca sat ? vidhi-mukhena pratīyamānam astīit | asan niṣedha-mukhena pratīyamānaṃ nāstīti | athavā sad-vyaktam asad-vyaktaṃ tvam eva | tathā tat-paraṃ tābhyāṃ sad-asadbhyāṃ paraṃ mūla-kāraṇaṃ yad akṣaraṃ brahma tad api tvam eva tvad-bhinnaṃ kim api nāstīty arthaḥ | tat-paraṃ yad ity atra yac-chabdāt prāk-ca-kāram api kecit paṭhanti | etair hetubhis tvāṃ sarve namasyantīti na kim api citram ity arthaḥ

Viśvanātha

te kasmān na nameran, api tu namerann eva | ātmanepadam ārṣam | sat-kāryam asat-kāraṇaṃ ca tābhyāṃ paraṃ yad akṣaraṃ brahma tat tvam

Baladeva

atha bhagavataḥ sarva-namasyatvam abhidadhat sarva-vyāpitvāt sarvātmakatāṃ pratipādayati kasmāc ceti caturbhiḥ | he mahātman udāra-mate ! he ananta sarva-vyāpin ! he deveśa sarva-deva-niyantaḥ ! he jagannivāsa sarvāśraya ! te siddha-saṅghās te tubhyaṃ kasmād dhetor na nameran ? ātmanepadaṃ chāndasam | api tu praṇameyur eva te | kīdṛśāyety āha | brahmaṇo ‚py garīyase gurutarāya yasmād ādi-kartre tattva-sṛṣṭi-karāyeti namasyatve ‚neke hetavaḥ santīti samuccayālaṅkāraḥ | kiṃ ca yad akṣaraṃ prakṛti-tattvaṃ tat-paraṃ yad iti | tasmāt prakṛti-saṃsṛṣṭāj jīvātma-tattvāt prakṛti-tattvāc cokta-rūpāt param utkṛṣṭaṃ bhinnaṃ ca yan-mukta-jīvātma-tattvaṃ tac ca tvam eva sarva-rūpa ity arthaḥ