atha dvādaśo ‘dhyāyaḥ – bhakti-yogaḥ

Śāṃkara

dvitīyādhyāya-prabhṛtiṣu vibhūty-anteṣu adhyāyeṣu paramātmano brahmaṇo’kṣarasya vidhvasta-sarvopādhi-viśeṣasyopāsanam uktam | sarva-yogaiśvarya-sarva-jñāna-śaktimat-sattvopādher īśvarasya tatra copāsanaṃ tatra tatroktam | viśva-rūpādhyāye tv aiśvaram ādyaṃ samasta-jagad-ātma-rūpaṃ viśva-rūpaṃ tvadīyaṃ darśitam upāsanārtham eva tvayā | tac ca darśayitvā uktavān asi mat-karma-kṛd [gītā 11.55] ity ādi | ato’ham anayor ubhayoḥ pakṣayor viśiṣṭatara-bubhutsayā tvāṃ pṛcchāmīty arjuna uvāca—

Rāmānuja

bhaktiyoganiṣṭhānāṃ prāpyabhūtasya parasya brahmaṇo bhagavato nārāyaṇasya niraṅkuśāiśvaryaṃ sākṣātkartukāmāyārjunāya anavadhikātiśayakāruṇyāudāryasauśīlyādiguṇasāgareṇa satyasaṃkalpena bhagavatā svāiśvaryaṃ yathāvad avasthitaṃ darśitam; uktaṃ ca tattvato bhagavajjñānadarśanaprāptīnām aikāntikātyantikabhagavadbhaktyekalabhyatvam / ananataram ātmaprāptisādhanabhūtād atmopāsanād bhaktirūpasya bhagavadupāsanasya svasādhyaniṣpādane śaighryāt susukhopādānatvāc ca śraiṣṭhyam, bhagavadupāsanopāyaś ca, tadaśaktasyākṣaraniṣṭhatā, tadapekṣitāś cocyante / bhagavadupāsanasya prāpyabhūtopāsyaśraiṣṭhyāc śraiṣṭhyaṃ tu, „yoginām api sarveṣāṃ madgatenāntarātmanā / śraddhāvān bhajate yo mām sa me yuktatamo mataḥ

Śrīdhara

nirguṇopāsanasyaivaṃ sa-guṇopāsanasya ca |
śreyaḥ katarad ity etan nirṇetuṃ dvādaśodyamaḥ ||

Madhusūdana

pūrvādhyāyānte –
mat-karma-kṛn mat-paramo mad-bhaktaḥ saṅga-varjitaḥ |
nirvairaḥ sarva-bhūteṣu yaḥ sa mām eti pāṇḍava || [Gītā 11.55] ity uktam |
tatra mac-chabdārthe sandehaḥ kiṃ nirākāram eva sarva-svarūpaṃ vastu mad-chabdenoktaṃ bhagavatā kiṃ vā sākāram iti | ubhayatrāpi prayoga-darśanāt |
bahūnāṃ janmanām ante jñānavān māṃ prapadyate |
vāsudevaḥ sarvam iti sa mahātmā sudurlabhaḥ || [Gītā 7.19]
ity ādau nirākāraṃ vastu vyapadiṣṭam | viśva-rūpa-darśanānantaraṃ ca –
nāhaṃ vedair na tapasā na dānena na cejyayā |
śakya evaṃ-vidho draṣṭuṃ dṛṣṭavān asi māṃ yathā || [Gītā 11.53]
iti sākāraṃ vastu | ubhayoś ca bhagavad-upadeśayor adhikāri-bhedenaiva vyavasthayā bhavitavyam anyathā virodhāt | tatraivaṃ sati mayā mumukṣuṇā kiṃ nirākāram eva vastu cintanīyaṃ kiṃ vā sākāram iti svādhikāra-niścayāya sa-guṇa-nirguṇa-vidyayor viśeṣa-bubhutsayā arjuna uvāca evam iti |

Viśvanātha

dvādaśe sarva-bhaktānāṃ jñānibhyaḥ śraiṣṭhyam ucyate |
bhakteṣv api praśasyante ye ‚dveṣādi-guṇānvitāḥ ||

Baladeva

upāyeṣu samasteṣu śuddhā bhaktir mahā-balā |
prāpayet tvarayā yan mām ity āha dvādaśe hariḥ ||