BhG 12.16

anapekṣaḥ śucir dakṣa udāsīno gata-vyathaḥ
sarvārambha-parityāgī yo mad-bhaktaḥ sa me priyaḥ

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analysis

syntax

yaḥ mad-bhaktaḥ (he who is my devotee) anapekṣaḥ (independent) śuciḥ (pure) dakṣaḥ (dexterous) udāsīnaḥ (neutral) gata-vyathaḥ (free from anxiety) sarvārambha-parityāgī (who abandons all undertakings),
sa (he) me (to me) priyaḥ (dear).

grammar

anapekṣaḥ	–	an-apekṣa 1n.1 m. – independent, impartial, careless, without expectation (from: apa-√īkṣ – to look away, to respect, to wait for, apekṣā – expectation, dependence on);
śuciḥ	–	śuci 1n.1 m. – pure (from: √śuc – to shine, to be wet);
dakṣaḥ	–	dakṣa 1n.1 m. – fit, expert, dexterous, intelligent (from: √dakṣ – to be skilful, to be strong);
udāsīnaḥ	–	udāsīna 1n.1 m. – indifferent, neutral (from: ud-√ās – to sit away);
gata-vyathaḥ	–	gata-vyatha 2n.3 m.; BV: yasya vyathā gatāsti saḥ – whose anxiety is gone (from: √gam – to go, PP gata – gone; √vyath – to tremble, to waver, to be agitated, to be afraid, vyathā – agitation, anxiety, fear);
sarvārambha-parityāgī	–	sarva-ārambha-parityāgin 1n.1 m.; TP: sarveṣām ārambhāṇām parityāgīti – who abandons all undertakings (from: sarva – all, whole; ā-√rabh – to reach, to undertake, to begin, ā-rambha – beginning, unertaking; pari-√tyaj – to abandon, to give up, tyāga – leaving, abandonment; -in, -min, -vin – sufixes meaning one who possesses);
yaḥ	–	yat sn. 1n.1 m. – he who;
mad-bhaktaḥ	–	mad-bhakta 1n.1 m.; TP: mama bhakta iti – my devotee (from: mat – the basic form of a personal ponoun „I” singular used in compounds; √bhaj – to share, to love, to rejoice, to worship, PP bhakta – distributed, divided, loved; worshipper, devotee, loving);
saḥ	–	tat sn. 1n.1 m. – he;
me	–	asmat sn. 6n.1 – my (shortened form of: mama);
priyaḥ	–	priya 1n.1 m. – liked, dear, pleasant (from: √prī – to please);

textual variants

gata-vyathaḥ → dṛḍha-vyathaḥ / na ca kṣamī (with constant anxiety / and not suffering);
sarvārambha-parityāgī → sarvārambha-phala-tyāgī (who abandons the fruit of all undertakings);
yo mad-bhaktaḥ sa → yo me bhaktaḥ sa / bhakti-mān yaḥ sa / mad-bhaktaḥ sa ca (he who is my devotee, he / he who has devotion / and that my devotee);

The third pada of verse 12.16 is the same as the third pada of verse BhG 14.25;

commentaries

Śāṃkara

dehendriya-viṣaya-saṃbandhādiṣu apekṣā-viṣayeṣu anapekṣo niḥspṛhaḥ | śucir bāhyena ābhyantareṇa ca śaucena saṃpannaḥ | dakṣaḥ pratyutpanneṣu kāryeṣu sadyo yathāvat pratipattuṃ samarthaḥ | udāsīno na kasyacit mitrādeḥ pakṣaṃ bhajate yaḥ, sa udāsīno yatiḥ | gata-vyatho gata-bhayaḥ | sarvārambha-parityāgī ārabhyanteti | ārambhā ihāmutra-phala-bhogārthāni kāma-hetūni karmāṇi sarvārambhāḥ, tān parityaktuṃ śīlam asyeti sarvārambha-parityāgī yaḥ mad-bhaktaḥ saḥ me priyaḥ

Rāmānuja

anapekṣaḥ ātmavyatirikte kṛtsne vastuny anapekṣaḥ, śuciḥ śāstravihitadravyavardhitakāyaḥ, dakṣaḥ śāstrīyakriyopādānasamarthaḥ, anyatrodāsīnaḥ, ganavyathaḥ śāstrīyakriyānirvṛttau avarjanīyaśītoṣṇapuruṣasparśādiduḥkheṣu vyathārahitaḥ, sarvārambhaparityāgī śāstrīyavyatiriktasarvakarmārambhaparityāgī, ya evaṃbhūto madbhaktaḥ, sa me priyaḥ

Śrīdhara

Madhusūdana

kiṃ ca anapekṣa iti | nirapekṣaḥ sarveṣu bhogopakaraṇeṣu yadṛcchopanīteṣv api niḥspṛhaḥ | śuci-bāhyābhyantara-śauca-sampannaḥ | dakṣa upasthiteṣu jñātavyeṣu kartavyeṣu ca sadya eva jñātuṃ kartuṃ ca samarthaḥ | udāsīno na kasyacin mitrādeḥ pakṣaṃ bhajate yaḥ | gata-vyathaḥ parais tāḍyamānasyāpi gatā notpannā vyathā pīḍā yasya saḥ | utpannāyām api vyathāyām apakarṛṣv anapakartṛtvaṃ kṣamitvam | vyathā-kāraṇeṣu satsv apy anutpanna-vyathatvaṃ gata-gata-vyathatvam iti bhedaḥ | aihikāmuṣmika-phalāni sarvāṇi karmāṇi sarvārambhās tān parityaktuṃ śīlaṃ yasya sa sarvārambha-parityāgī sannyāsī yo mad-bhaktaḥ sa me priyaḥ

Viśvanātha

anapekṣo vyavahārika-kāryāpekṣā-rahita udāsīno vyavahārika-lokeṣv anāsaktaḥ | sarvān vyavahārikān dṛṣṭādṛṣṭārthāṃs tathā pāramārthikān api kāṃścit śāstrādhyāpanādīn ārambhān udyamān parihartuṃ śīlaṃ yasya saḥ

Baladeva

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