BhG 13.19

syntax

[tvam] (you) ubhau api anādī (although both [have] no beginning) prakṛtiṁ puruṣaṁ ca eva (nature and certainly human) viddhi (you must know),
[tvam] ca (and you) prakṛti-sambhavān (born from nature) vikārān guṇān ca eva (transformations and certainly guṇas) viddhi (you must know).

grammar

prakṛtim	–	prakṛti 2n.1 f. – nature, primary substance, original cause (from: pra-√kṛ – to produce);
puruṣam	–	puruṣa 2n.1 m. – person (from: √pur – to precede, to lead or √pṝ – to fill, to nourish, puru – abundance, pūru – people);
ca	–	av. – and;
eva	–	av. – certainly, just, merely;
viddhi	–	√vid (to know, to understand) Imperat. P 2v.1 – you must know;
anādī	–	an-ādi 2n.2 m. – [two have] no beginning (from: ādi – beginning);
ubhau	–	ubha sn. 2n.2 m. – both;
api	–	av. – although, moreover, besides, even;
vikārān	–	vikāra 2n.3 m. – changes, transformations (from: vi-√kṛ – to transform);
ca	–	av. – and;
guṇān	–	guṇa 2n.3 m. – qualities, virtues, threads (from: √grah – to take);
ca	–	av. – and;
eva	–	av. – certainly, just, merely;
viddhi	–	√vid (to know, to understand) Imperat. P 2v.1 – you must know;
prakṛti-saṁbhavān	–	prakṛti-saṁbhava 2n.3 m.; BV: yeṣāṁ sambhavas prakṛter astīti tān – whose generation is from prakṛti (from: pra-√kṛ – to produce, prakṛti – nature, primary substance, original cause; sam-√bhū – to come into being, to be together, saṁbhava – production);

textual variants

ubhāv → hy ubhāv (indeed both);
vikārāṁś → vikārāś (transformations);

Śāṃkara

tatra saptame īśvarasya dve prakṛtī upanyaste parāpare kṣetra-kṣetrajña-lakṣaṇe | etad-yonīni bhūtāni [gītā 7.7] iti coktam | kṣetra-kṣetrajña-prakṛti-dvaya-yonitvaṃ kathaṃ bhūtānām ity ayam artho’dhunocyate—
prakṛtiṃ puruṣaṃ caiva īśvarasya prakṛtī | tau prakṛti-puruṣau ubhāv apy anādi viddhi, na vidyate ādir yayos tau anādī | nityeśvaratvād īśvarasya tat-prakṛtyor api yuktaṃ nityatvena bhavitum | prakṛti-dvayavattvam eva hīśvarasyeśvaratvam | yābhyāṃ prakṛtibhyām īśvaro jagad-utpatti-sthiti-pralaya-hetus te dve’nādī satyau saṃsārasya kāraṇam ||
nādī anādī iti tat-puruṣa-samāsaṃ kecit varṇayanti | tena hi kileśvarasya kāraṇatvaṃ sidhyati | yadi punaḥ prakṛti-puruṣāv eva nityau syātāṃ tat-kṛtam eva jagat, neśvarasya jagataḥ kartṛtvam | tad asat | prāk prakṛti-puruṣayor utpatter īśitavyābhāvād īśvarasyānīśvaratva-prasaṅgāt, saṃsārasya nirnimittatve’nirmokṣa-prasaṅgāt śāstrānarthakya-prasaṅgād bandha-mokṣābhāva-prasaṅgāc ca | nityatve punar īśvarasya prakṛtyoḥ sarvam etad upapannaṃ bhavet | kathaṃ ? vikārāṃś ca guṇāṃś caiva | vakṣyamāṇān vikārān buddhy-ādi-dehendriyāntān guṇāṃś ca sukha-duḥkha-moha-pratyayākāra-pariṇatān viddhi jānīhi prakṛti-saṃbhavān | prakṛtir īśvarasya vikāra-kāraṇa-śaktis triguṇātmikā māyā | sā saṃbhavo yeṣāṃ vikārāṇāṃ guṇānāṃ ca tān vikārān guṇāṃś ca viddhi prakṛti-saṃbhavān prakṛti-pariṇāmān

Rāmānuja

athātyantaviviktasvabhāvayoḥ prakṛtyātmanoḥ saṃsargasyānāditvaṃ saṃsṛṣṭayor dvayoḥ kāryabhedaḥ saṃsargahetuś cocyate
prakṛtipuruṣau ubhau anyonyasaṃsṛṣṭau anādī iti viddhi; bandhahetubhūtān vikārān icchādveṣādīn, amānitvādikāṃś ca guṇām mokṣahetubhūtān prakṛtisaṃbhavān viddhi / puruṣeṇa saṃsṛṣṭeyam anādikālapravṛttā kṣetrākārapariṇātā prakṛtiḥ svavikārair icchādveṣādibhiḥ puruṣasya bandhuhetur bhavati; saivāmānitvādibhiḥ svavikāraiḥ puruṣasyāpavargahetur bhavatītyarthaḥ

Śrīdhara

tad evaṃ tat kṣetraṃ yac ca yādṛk cety etāvat prapañcitam | idānīṃ tu yad vikāri yataś ca yat sa ca yo yat-prabhāvaś cety etat pūrvaṃ pratijñātam eva prakṛti-puruṣayoḥ saṃsāra-hetukatva-kathanena prapañcayati prakṛtim iti pañcabhiḥ | tatra prakṛti-puruṣayor ādimatve tayor api prakṛty-antareṇa bhāvyam ity anavasthāpattiḥ syāt | atas tāv ubhāv anādī viddhi | anāder īśvarasya śaktitvāt prakṛter anāditvam | puruṣe ‚pi tad-aṃśatvād anādir eva | atra ca parameśvarasya tac-chaktīnām anāditvaṃ nityatvaṃ ca śrīmac-chaṅkara-bhagavad-bhāṣya-kṛdbhir atiprabandhenopapāditam iti grantha-bāhulyān nāsmābhiḥ pratanyate | vikārāṃś ca dehendriyādīn guṇāṃś ca guṇa-pariṇāmān sukha-duḥkha-mohādīn prakṛteḥ sambhūtān viddhi

Madhusūdana

tad anena granthena tat kṣetraṃ yac ca yādṛk ca ity etad vyākhyātam | idānīṃ yad-vikāri yataś ca yat sa ca yo yat-prabhāvaś ca ity etāvad vyākhyātavyam | tatra prakṛti-puruṣayoḥ saṃsāra-hetutva-kathanena yad-vikāri yataś ca yad iti prakṛtim ity ādi dvābhyāṃ prapañcyate | sa ca yo yat prabhāvaś ca iti tu puruṣa ity ādi dvyābhyām iti vivekaḥ | tatra saptama īśvarasya dve prakṛtī parāpare kṣetra-kṣetrajña-lakṣaṇe upanyasya etad-yonīni bhūtāni [Gītā 7.7] ity uktam | tatrāparā prakṛtiḥ kṣetra-lakṣaṇā parā tu jīva-lakṣaṇeti tayor anāditvam uktvā tad-ubhaya-yonitvaṃ bhūtānām ucyate prakṛtim iti |
prakṛtir māyākhyā triguṇātmikā pārameśvarī śaktiḥ kṣetra-lakṣaṇā yā prāg aparā prakṛtir ity uktā | yā tu parā prakṛtir jīvākhyā prāg uktā sa iha puruṣa ity ukta iti na pūrvāpara-virodhaḥ | prakṛtiṃ puruṣaṃ cobhāv api anādī eva viddhi | na vidyate ādiḥ kāraṇaṃ yayos tau | tathā prakṛter anāditvaṃ sarva-jagat-kāraṇatvāt | tasyā api kāraṇa-sāpekṣatve ‚navasthā-prasaṅgāt | puruṣasyānāditvaṃ tad-dharmādharma-prayuktatvāt kṛtsnasya jagataḥ jātasya harṣa-śoka-bhaya-sampratipatteḥ | anyathā kṛta-hānya-kṛtābhyāgama-prasaṅgāt | yataḥ prakṛtir anādir atas tasyā bhūta-yonitvam uktaṃ prāg upapadyata ity āha vikārāṃś ca ṣoḍaśa pañca mahā-bhūtāny ekādaśendriyāṇi ca guṇāṃś ca sattva-rajas-tamo-rūpān sukha-duḥkha-mohān prakṛti-saṃbhavān eva prakṛti-kāraṇakān eva viddhi jānīhi

Viśvanātha

paramātmānam uktvā kṣetra-jña-śabda-vācyaṃ jīvātmānaṃ vaktuṃ kutas tasya māyā-saṃsleṣaḥ, kadā tad-ārambho ‚bhūd ity apekṣāyām āha prakṛtiṃ māyāṃ puruṣaṃ jīvaṃ cobhāv apy anādī na vidyate ādi kāraṇaṃ yayos tathābhūtau viddhi anāder īśvarasya mama śaktitvāt |
bhūmir āpo ‚nalo vāyuḥ khaṃ mano buddhir eva ca |
ahaṅkāra itīyaṃ me bhinnā prakṛtir aṣṭadhā ||
apareyam itas tv anyāṃ prakṛtiṃ viddhi me parām |
jīva-bhūtāṃ mahābāho yayedaṃ dhāryate jagat || [Gītā 7.4-5]
iti mad-ukter māyā-jīvayor api mac-chaktitvena anāditvāt tayoḥ saṃśleṣo ‚pi anādir iti bhāvaḥ | tatra mithaḥ saṃśliṣṭayor api tayor vastutaḥ pārthakyam asti eva ity āha vikārāṃś ca dehendriyādīn guṇāṃś ca guṇa-pariṇāmān sukha-duḥkha-śoka-mohādīn prakṛti-sambhūtān prakṛty-udbhūtān viddhīti kṣetrākāra-pariṇatāyāḥ prakṛteḥ sakāśād bhinnam eva jīvaṃ viddhīti bhāvaḥ

Baladeva

evaṃ mitho vivikta-svabhāvayor anādyoḥ prakṛti-jīvayoḥ saṃsargasyānādi-kālikatvaṃ saṃsṛṣṭayos tayoḥ kārya-bhedas tat-saṃsargasyānādi-kālikasya hetuś ca nirūpyate prakṛtim ity ādibhiḥ | apir avadhṛtau | mithaḥ sampṛktau prakṛti-puruṣāv ubhāv anādyeva viddhi madīya-śaktitvān nityāv eva jānīhi | tayor mac-chaktitvaṃ tu puraivoktaṃ bhūmir āpaḥ ity ādinā | anādi-saṃsṛṣṭayor api tayoḥ svarūpa-bhedo ‚stīty āśayenāh vikārān dehendriyādīn | guṇāṃś sukha-duḥkhāni prakṛti-sambhavān prākṛtān na tu jaivān viddhīti kṣetrātmanā pariṇatāyāḥ prakṛter anyo jīva iti darśitam