BhG 13.22

syntax

asmin dehe (in this body) puruṣaḥ paraḥ (supreme person) upadraṣṭā (observer) anumantā (permitter) bhartā (sustainer) bhoktā (enjoyer) maheśvaraḥ (great lord) paramātmā ca api iti (and also the supreme self) uktaḥ (called) [asti] (he is).

grammar

upadraṣṭā	–	upa-draṣṭṛ 1n.1 m. – the observer (from: upa-√dṛś – to perceive);
anumantā	–	anu-mantṛ 1n.1 m. – permitter (from: anu-√man – to approve, to permit);
ca	–	av. – and;
bhartā	–	bhartṛ 1n.1 m. – sustainer (from: √bhṛ – to hold);
bhoktā	–	bhoktṛ 1n.1 m. – one who eats, enjoys (from: √bhuj – to eat, to enjoy);
maheśvaraḥ	–	mahā-īśvara 1n.1 m.; TP: mahānta īśvara iti – great lord (from: √mah – to magnify, mahant – great; √xīś – to own, to reign, īśa / īśvara – ruler, lord);
paramātmā	–	parama-ātman 1n.1 m. – the supreme self (from: para – beyond, ancient, final, the best, the supreme, parama –  supreme, the highest; ātman – self; or param ātman – the ancient self;
iti	–	av. – thus (used to close the quotation);
ca	–	av. – and;
api	–	av. – although, moreover, besides, even;
uktaḥ	–	ukta (√vac – to speak) PP 1n.1 m. – he is said, called;
dehe	–	deha 7n.1 m. – in the body (from: √dih – to anoint, to smear);
asmin	–	idam sn. 7n.1 m. – in this;
puruṣaḥ	–	puruṣa 1n.1 m. – a person (from: √pur – to precede, to lead or √pṝ – to fill, to nourish, puru – abundance, pūru – people);
paraḥ	–	para 1n.1 m. – beyond, ancient, final, the best, the supreme;

textual variants

upadraṣṭā → upadeṣṭā (teacher, advisor);
bhartā → kartā / bhaktā (a doer / divider);
paraḥ → param (later);

Śāṃkara

upadraṣṭā samīpa-sthaḥ san draṣṭā svayam avyāpṛtaḥ | yathā ṛtvig-yajamāneṣu yajña-karma-vyāpṛteṣu taṭastho’nyo’vyāpṛto yajña-vidyā-kuśalaḥ ṛtvig-yajamāna-vyāpāra-guṇa-doṣāṇām īkṣitā, tadvac ca kārya-karaṇa-vyāpāreṣu sa-vyāpārāṇāṃ sāmīpyena draṣṭā upadraṣṭā | athavā, deha-cakṣur-mano-buddhy-ātmāno draṣṭāraḥ | teṣāṃ bāhyo draṣṭā dehaḥ | tata ārabhyāntaratamaś ca pratyak samīpe ātmā draṣṭā, yataḥ paro’ntaratamo nāsti draṣṭā | so’tiśaya-sāmīpyena draṣṭṛtvād upadraṣṭā syāt | yajñopadraṣṭṛavad vā sarva-viṣayī-karaṇād upadraṣṭā | anumantā ca | anumodanam anumananaṃ kurvatsu tat-kriyāsu paritoṣas tat-kartānumantā ca | athavā, anumantā kārya-karaṇa-pravṛttiṣu svayam apravṛtto’pi pravṛtta iva tad-anukūlo vibhāvyate, tenānumantā | athavā, pravṛttān sva-vyāpāreṣu tat-sākṣi-bhūtaḥ kadācid api na nivārayatīty anumantā |
bhartā | bharaṇaṃ nāma dehendriya-mano-buddhīnāṃ saṃhatānāṃ caitanyātma-pārārthyena nimitta-bhūtena caitanyābhāsānāṃ yat svarūpa-dhāraṇam, tac caitanyātma-kṛtam eveti bhartā ātmety ucyate | bhoktā | agny-uṣṇavan nitya-caitanya-svarūpeṇa buddheḥ sukha-duḥkha-mohātmakāḥ pratyayāḥ sarva-viṣaya-viṣayāś caitanyātma-grastā iva jāyamānā vibhaktā vibhāvyante iti bhoktā ātmocyate | maheśvaraḥ | sarvātmatvāt svatantratvāc ca mahān īśvaraś ceti maheśvaraḥ | paramātmā | dehādīnāṃ buddhy-antānāṃ pratyag-ātmatvena kalpitānām avidyayā parama upadraṣṭṛtvādi-lakṣaṇa ātmeti paramātmā | so’ntaḥ paramātmā ity anena śabdena cāpy uktaḥ kathitaḥ śrutau | kvāsau ? asmin dehe puruṣaḥ paro’vyaktāt | uttamaḥ puruṣas tv anyaḥ paramātmety udāhṛtaḥ [gītā 13.3] iti yo vakṣyamāṇaḥ kṣetrajñaṃ cāpi māṃ viddhi [gītā 13.2] iti upanyasto vyākhyāyopasaṃhṛtaś ca

Rāmānuja

asmin dehe ‚vasthito ‚yaṃ puruṣo dehapravṛttyanuguṇasaṅkalpādirūpeṇa dehasyopadraṣṭā anumantā ca bhavati / tathā dehasya bhartā ca bhavati; tathā dehapravṛttijanitasukhaduḥkhayor bhoktā ca bhavati / evaṃ dehaniyamanena, dehabharaṇena, dehaśeṣitvena ca dehendriyamanāṃsi prati maheśvaro bhavati / tathā ca vakṣyate, „śarīraṃ yad avāpnoti yac cāpy utkrāmatīśvaraḥ / gṛhītvaitāni saṃyāti vāyur gandhān ivāśayāt // BhGR_13.” iti / asmin dehe dehendriyamanāṃsi prati paramātmeti cāpy uktaḥ / dehe manasi ca ātmaśabdo ‚nantaram eva prayujyate, „dhyānenātmani paśyanti kecid ātmānam ātmanā” iti; apiśabdān maheśvara ity apy ukta iti gamyate; puruṣaḥ paraḥ „anādi matparam” ityādinokto ‚paricchinnajñānaśaktir ayaṃ puruṣo ‚nādiprakṛtisaṃbandhakṛtaguṇasaṅgād etad dehamātramaheśvaro dehamātraparamātmā ca bhavati

Śrīdhara

tad anena prakāreṇa prakṛty-avivekād eva puruṣasya saṃsāraḥ | na tu svarūpataḥ | ity āśayena tasya svarūpam āha upadraṣṭeti | asmin prakṛti-kārye dehe vartamāno ‚pi puruṣaḥ paro bhinna eva | na tad-guṇair yujyata ity arthaḥ | tatra hetavaḥ yasmād upadraṣṭā pṛthag-bhūta eva samīpe sthitvā draṣṭā sākṣīty arthaḥ | tathā anumantā anumoditaiva sannidhi-mātreṇānugrāhakaḥ | sākṣī cetāḥ kevalo nirguṇaś ca [GTU 2.96, Puruṣa-bodhinī] ity ādi śruteḥ | tathā aiśvaryeṇa rūpeṇa bhartā vidhāyaka iti coktaḥ | bhoktā pālaka iti ca | mahāṃś cāsau īśvaraś ca sa brahmādīnām api patir iti ca paramātmā vāntaryāmīti coktaḥ śrutyā | tathā ca śrutiḥ eṣa sarveśvara evsa bhūtādhipatir loka-pālaḥ ity ādi

Madhusūdana

tad evaṃ prakṛti-mithyā-tādātmyāt puruṣasya saṃsāro na svarūpeṇety uktam | kīdṛśaṃ punas tasya svarūpaṃ yatra na sambhavati saṃsāraḥ ? ity ākāṅkṣāyāṃ tasya svarūpaṃ sākṣān nirdiśann āha upadraṣṭeti | asmin prakṛti-pariṇāme dehe jīva-rūpeṇa vartamāno ‚pi puruṣaḥ paraḥ prakṛti-guṇāsaṃsṛṣṭaḥ paramārthato ‚saṃsārī svena rūpeṇety artahḥ | yata upadraṣṭā yatha ṛtvig-yajamāneṣu yajña-karma-vyāpṛteṣu tat-samīpastho ‚nyaḥ svayam avyāpṛto yajña-vidyā-kuśalatvād ṛtvig-yajamāna-vyāpāra-guṇa-doṣāṇām īkṣitā, tadvat kārya-karaṇa-vyāpāreṣu svayam avyāpṛto vilakṣaṇas teṣāṃ kārya-karaṇānāṃ sa-vyāparāṇāṃ samīpastho draṣṭā na tu kartā puruṣaḥ | sa yat tatra kiṃcit paśyaty ananvāg atas tena bhavaty asaṅgo hy ayaṃ puruṣaḥ [BAU 4.3.15] iti śruteḥ |
athavā, deha-cakṣur-mano-buddhy-ātmāno draṣṭṛṣu madhye bāhyān dehādīn apekṣyātyavyavahito draṣṭātmā puruṣa upadraṣṭā | upa-śabdasya sāmīpyārthatvāt tasya cāvyavadhāna-rūpasya pratyag-ātmany eva paryavasānāt |
anumantā ca kārya-karaṇa-pravṛttiṣu svayam apravṛtto ‚pi pravṛtta iva saṃnidhi-mātreṇa tad-anukūlatvād anumantā | athavā, sva-vyāpāreṣu pravṛttān dehendriyādīn na nivārayati kadācid api tat-sākṣi-bhūtaḥ puruṣa ity anumantā | sākṣī cetā [GTU 2.96, Puruṣa-bodhinī] iti śruteḥ | bhartā
bhartā dehendriya-mano-buddhīnāṃ saṃhatānāṃ caitanyābhāsa-viśiṣṭānāṃ sva-sattayā sphuraṇena ca dhārayitā poṣayitā ca | bhoktā buddheḥ sukha-duḥkha-mohātmakān pratyayān svarūpa-caitanyena prakāśayatīti nirvikāra evopalabdhā | maheśvaraḥ sarvātmatvāt svatantratvāc ca mahān īśvaraś ceti maheśvaraḥ | paramātmā dehādi-buddhy-antānāṃ avidyayātmatvena kalpitānām paramaḥ prakṛṣṭa upadraṣṭṛtvādi-pūrvokta-viśeṣaṇa-viśiṣṭa ātmā paramātmā | ity anena śabdenāpi uktaḥ kathitaḥ śrutau | ca-kārād upadraṣṭety-ādi-śabdair api sa eva puruṣaḥ paraḥ | uttamaḥ puruṣas tv anyaḥ paramātmety udāhṛtaḥ [Gītā 15.17] ity agre vakṣyate

Viśvanātha

jīvātmānam uktvā paramātmānam āha upadraṣṭeti | yadyapi anādi mat-paraṃ brahma ity ādinā hṛdi sarvasya viṣṭhitam ity anena ca sāmānyataḥ paśeṣataś ca paramātmā prokta eva, tad api tasya jīvātma-sāhityenāpi pṛthag eva spaṣṭatayā dehasthatva-jñāpanārtham iyam uktir jñeyā | asmin dehe paro ‚nyaḥ puruṣo yo maheśvarḥ sa paramātmeti cāpy uktaḥ | paramātmeti ca nāmnāpy ukto bhavatīty arthaḥ | tatra parama-śabda ekātmavāda-pakṣe svāṃśa iti dyotanārtho jīvasya upa samīpe pṛthak-sthita eva draṣṭā sākṣī | anumantānumodana-kartā sannidhi-mātreṇānugrāhakaḥ | sākṣī cetāḥ kevalo nirguṇaś ca [GTU 2.96, Puruṣa-bodhinī] iti śruteḥ | tathā bhartā dhārako bhoktā pālakaḥ |

Baladeva

dehe sukhādibhokṭrayāvasthitaṃ jīvam uktvā niyantṛtayā tatrāvasthitam īśvaram āha upadraṣṭeti | asmin dehe paro jīvād anyaḥ puruṣo ‚sti yo maheśvaraḥ paramātmeti proktaḥ | upadraṣṭā sannidhau pṛthak-sthita eva sākṣī | anumantānumati-dātā tad-anumatiṃ vinā jīvaḥ kiñcid api kartuṃ na kṣama ity arthaḥ | bhartā dhārakaḥ | bhoktā pālakaḥ | sarvataḥ pāṇi ity ādibhir uktasyāpīśasya jīvena saha sthitiṃ vaktuṃ punar uktiḥ