sattvaṃ sukhe sañjayati rajaḥ karmaṇi bhārata
jñānam āvṛtya tu tamaḥ pramāde sañjayaty uta
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he bhārata (O descendant of Bhārata!),
sattvam (sattva) [
dehinam]
(of the embodied one) sukhe (to happiness) sañjayati (it causes attachment),
rajaḥ (rajas) karmaṇi (to activity) [
sañjayati]
(it causes attachment),
tamaḥ tu (but tamas) jñānam (knowledge) āvṛtya (after covering) pramāde uta (also to madness) sañjayati (it causes attachment).
| sattvam |
– |
sattva (√as – to be, PPr sant – being, existing, true, the essence) abst. 1n.1 n. – being, essence, wisdom, spirit, one of the three guṇas; |
| sukhe |
– |
sukha 7n.1 n. – in pleasure, in comfort (from: su – prefix: good, excellent, beautiful, virtuous; kha – cavity, hole, nave; su-kha – joy, happiness, literally: good hole in the nave [of a wheel through which an axis runs] that makes the moving smooth;
or from: su-√sthā; opposite to: duḥkha – pain, difficulty); |
| sañjayati |
– |
√sañj (to attach, to stick, to embrace) Praes. caus. 1v.1 – it causes attachment to (requires locative); |
| rajaḥ |
– |
rajas 1n.1 n. – coloured, dust, passion, one of the three guṇas (from: √rañj – to be dyed, be excited, be delighted); |
| karmaṇi |
– |
karman 7n.1 n. – in activity (from: √kṛ – to do); |
| bhārata |
– |
bhārata 8n.1 m. – O descendant of Bhārata; |
| jñānam |
– |
jñāna 2n.1 n. – knowledge, wisdom (from: √jñā – to know, to understand); |
| āvṛtya |
– |
ā-√vṛ (to cover) absol. – after covering; |
| tu |
– |
av. – but, then, or, and; |
| tamaḥ |
– |
tamas 1n.1 n. – darkness, gloom, dullness, passivity, one of the three guṇas (from: √tam – to choke, to faint, to perish, to stop); |
| pramāde |
– |
pramāda 7n.1 n. – in madness (from: pra-√mad – to enjoy, to delight, to delude); |
| sañjayaty |
– |
√sañj (to attach, to stick, to embrace) Praes. caus. 1v.1 – it causes attachment to (requires locative); |
| uta |
– |
av. – and, also, even, or (for the sake of emphasis, especially at the end of a line); |
karmaṇi → karmāṇi (activities);
tu tamaḥ → tu tamam / tu mataḥ / manujam (but darkness / but considered / person);
punar guṇānāṃ vyāpāraḥ saṃkṣepata ucyate—
sattvaṃ sukhe saṃjayati saṃśleṣayati, rajaḥ karmaṇi he bhārata saṃjayatīty anuvartate | jñānaṃ sattva-kṛtaṃ vivekam āvṛtya ācchādya tu tamaḥ svena āvaraṇātmanā pramāde saṃjayaty uta | pramādo nāma prāpta-kartavyākaraṇam
sattvādīnāṃ bandhadvārabhūteṣu pradhānāny āha
sattvaṃ sukhasaṅgapradhānam; rajaḥ karmasaṅgapradhānam; tamas tu vastuyāthātmyajñānam āvṛtya viparītajñānahetutayā kartavyaviparītapravṛttisaṅgapradhānam
sattvādīnām evaṃ sva-sva-kārya-karaṇe sāmarthyātiśayam āha sattvam iti | sattvaṃ sukhe sañjayati saṃśleṣayati | duḥkha-śokādi-kāraṇe sabhāpi sukhābhimukham eva dehinaṃ karotiīty arthaḥ | evaṃ sukhādi-kāraṇe saty api rajaḥ karmaṇy eva sañjayati | tamas tu mahat-saṅgena utpādyamānam api jñānam āvṛtyaācchādya pramāde sañjayati | mahadbhir upadiśyamānasyārthasyānavadhāne yojayati utāpi | ālasyādāv api saṃyojayatīty arthaḥ
no commentary up to the verse BhG 14.10
uktam evārthaṃ saṅkṣepeṇa punar darśayati | sattvaṃ kartṛ sukhe svīya-phale āsaktaṃ jīvaṃ sañjayati vaśīkaroti nibadhnātīty arthaḥ | rajaḥ kartṛ karmāṇi āsaktaṃ jīvaṃ badhnāti | tamaḥ kartṛ pramāde ‚bhirataṃ taṃ jñānam āvṛtya ajñānam utpādyety arthaḥ
guṇāḥ svāny advayotkṛṣṭāḥ santaḥ svakārye tanvantīty āha sattvam iti dvābhyām | sattvam utkṛṣṭaṃ sat sva-kārye sukhe puruṣaṃ sañjayaty āsaktaṃ karoti | rajo utkṛṣṭaṃ sat karmāṇi taṃ sañjayati | tama utkṛṣṭaṃ sat pramāde taṃ sañjayati jñānam āvṛtyācchādyājñānam utpādyety arthaḥ
