BhG 14.23

syntax

yaḥ (he who) udāsīna-vat (as if neutral) āsīnaḥ (situated) guṇaiḥ (by guṇas) na vicālyate (he is not moved),
guṇāḥ eva (the guṇas only) vartante iti (they act)
yaḥ (he who) avatiṣṭhati (stays),
na iṅgate (he does not flicker),

grammar

udāsīnavat	–	av. – as if neutral (from: ud-√ās – to sit away, udāsīna – indifferent, neutral; -vat – suffix: as, like);
āsīnaḥ	–	āsīna 1n.1 m. – being seated, being present (from: √ās – to sit, to exist);
guṇaiḥ	–	guṇa 3n.3 m. – by qualities, virtues, threads (from: √grah – to take);
yaḥ	–	yat sn. 1n.1 m. – he who;
na	–	av. – not;
vicālyate	–	vi-√cal (to move, to shake) Praes. pass. 1v.1 – he is moved;
guṇāḥ	–	guṇa 1n.3 m. – qualities, virtues, threads (from: √grah – to take);
vartante	–	√vṛt (to move, to happen, to act) Praes. Ā 1v.3 – they act;
iti	–	av. – thus (used to close the quotation);
eva	–	av. – certainly, just, merely;
yaḥ	–	yat sn. 1n.1 m. – he who;
avatiṣṭhati	–	ava-√sthā (to reach down, to stay) Praes P 1v.1 – he stays;
na	–	av. – not;
iṅgate	–	√iṅg (to flicker) Praes. Ā 1v.1 – he flickers;

textual variants

ity eva → ity evaṁ (it is thus);
yo ‘vatiṣṭhati → yo jñas tiṣṭhati / no ‘nutiṣṭhati / yo ‘nutiṣṭhati (he, knowing, stays / our he stays / he who stays);

The first pada of verse 14.23 is similar to the third pada of verse BhG 9.9;

Śāṃkara

atha idānīṃ guṇātītaḥ kim-ācāraḥ ? iti praśnasya prativacanam āha—

udāsīnavad yathā udāsīno na kasyacit pakṣaṃ bhajate, tathāyaṃ guṇātītatvopāya-mārge’vasthita āsīna ātmavid guṇair yaḥ saṃnyāsī na vicālyate viveka-darśanāvasthātaḥ | tad etat sphuṭīkaroti—guṇāḥ kārya-karaṇa-viṣayākāra-pariṇatā anyonyasmin vartante iti yo’vatiṣṭhati | chando-bhaṅga-bhayāt parasmaipada-prayogaḥ | yo’nutiṣṭhatīti vā pāṭhāntaram | neṅgate na calati, svarūpāvastha eva bhavatīty arthaḥ

Rāmānuja

udāsīnavad āsīnaḥ guṇavyatiriktātmāvalokanatṛptyā anyatrodāsīnavad āsīnaḥ, guṇair dveṣākāṅkṣādvāreṇe yo na vicālyate guṇāḥ sveṣu kāryeṣu prakāśādiṣu vartanta ity anusandhāya yas tūṣṇīm avatiṣṭhate / neṅgate na guṇakāryānuguṇaṃ ceṣṭate

Śrīdhara

tad evaṃ sva-saṃvedyaṃ guṇātītasya lakṣaṇam uktvā para-saṃvedyaṃ tasya lakṣaṇaṃ vaktuṃ dvitīya-praśnasya kim ācāra ity asyottaram āha udāsīnavad iti tribhiḥ | udāsīnavat sākṣitayāsīnaḥ sthitaḥ san guṇair guṇa-kāryaiḥ sukha-duḥkhādibhir na yo vicālyate svarūpān na pracyavate api tu guṇā eva svakāryeṣu vartante | etair mama sambandha eva nāstīti viveka-jñānena yas tuṣṇīm avatiṣṭhati | parasmaipadam ārṣam | neṅgate na calati

Madhusūdana

no commentary up to the verse BhG 14.24

Viśvanātha

commentary under the verse BhG 14.25

Baladeva

atha para-saṃvedya-lakṣaṇaṃ vaktuṃ kim ācāraḥ iti dvitīya-praśnasyottaram āha udāsīneti tribhiḥ | udāsīno madhyastho yathā vivādinoḥ pakṣagrahaiḥ sva-mādhyasthyān na vicālyate, tayā sukha-duḥkhādi-bhāvena parṇatair guṇair yo nātmāvasthitair vicālyate, kintu guṇāḥ sva-kāryeṣu prakāśādiṣu vartante | mama tair na sambandha iti niścitya tūṣṇīm avatiṣṭhate | neṅgate guṇa-kāryānurūpeṇa na ceṣṭate | guṇātītaḥ sa ucyate iti tṛtīyenānvayaḥ