BhG 16.9

etāṃ dṛṣṭim avaṣṭabhya naṣṭātmāno lpa-buddhayaḥ
prabhavanty ugra-karmāṇaḥ kṣayāya jagato hitāḥ

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syntax


alpa-buddhayaḥ (those with little intelligence) etāṁ dṛṣṭim (such view) avaṣṭabhya (after holding),
naṣṭātmānaḥ (who destroyed themselves) ugra-karmāṇaḥ (whose acts are terrible) ahitāḥ (enemies) jagataḥ kṣayāya (for the destruction of the world) prabhavanti (they are born).

 

grammar

etām etat sn. 2n.1 f.this;
dṛṣṭim dṛṣṭi 2n.1 f.seeing, view, notion (from: dṛś – to see PP dṛṣṭa – seen);
avaṣṭabhya ava-stambh (to support, to hold) absol.after holding;
naṣṭātmānaḥ naṣṭa-ātman 1n.3 m.; BV: yeṣām ātmā naṣṭo ‘sti tehwose self is destroyed; who destroyed themselves (from: naś – to disappear, to be lost, to perish, PP naṣṭa destroyed; ātman – self);
alpa-buddhayaḥ alpa-buddhi 1n.3 m.; BV: yeṣāṁ buddhir alpāsti tewhose intelligence is small (from: alpa – small, minute, trifling; budh – to wake, to perceive, to understand; buddhi – intelligence, thought, understanding, knowledge, idea, opinion);
prabhavanti pra-bhū (to spring up from, to produce) Praes. P 1v.3they are born;
ugra-karmāṇaḥ ugra-karman 1n.3 m.; BV: yeṣāṁ karmāṇy ugrāṇi santi tewhose activities are terrible (from: rūp – to form, ugra powerful, terrible, cruel; kṛ – to do, karman – activity and its result);
kṣayāya kṣaya (kṣi – to decrease) PF 4n.1 m.for destruction; meant to be destroyed;
jagataḥ jagat 6n.1 n.of the world, of the mankind (from: gam – to go);
ahitāḥ a-hita 1n.1 m.who are unbeneficial, enemies (from: dhā – to put, PP hita – placed, fixed, stablished, beneficial, suitable, favourable);

 

textual variants


dṛṣṭim → budhim (intelligence);
prabhavanti → pravartaṁti / pravartate (they act, they are generated);
‘hitāḥ‘śubhāḥ (inauspicious);
 
 



Śāṃkara


etāṃ dṛṣṭim avaṣṭabhya āśritya naṣṭatmāno naṣṭa-svabhāvā vibhraṣṭa-para-loka-sādhanā alpa-buddhayo viṣaya-viṣayālpaiva buddhir yeṣāṃ te’lpa-buddhayaḥ prabhavanti udbhavanti ugra-karmāṇaḥ krūra-karmāṇo hiṃsātmakāḥ | kṣayāya jagataḥ prabhavantīti saṃbandhaḥ || jagato’hitāḥ śatravaḥ ity arthaḥ
 

Rāmānuja


etāṃ dṛṣṭim avaṣṭabhya avalambya, naṣṭātmānaḥ adṛṣṭadehātiriktātmānaḥ, alpabuddhayaḥ ghaṭādivaj jñeyabhūte dehe jñātṛtvena dehavyatirikta ātmopalabhyata iti vivekākuśalāḥ, ugrakarmāṇaḥ sarveṣāṃ hiṃsakā jagataḥ kṣayāya prabhavanti
 

Śrīdhara


kiṃ ca etām iti | etāṃ lokāyatikānāṃ dṛṣṭiṃ darśanam āśritya naṣṭātmano malīmasa-cittāḥ santo ‚lpa-buddhayo duṣṭārtha-mātra-matayaḥ | ateva ugraṃ hiṃsraṃ karma yeṣāṃ te ahitā vairiṇo bhūtvā jagataḥ kṣayāya prabhavanti udbhavantīty arthaḥ
 

Madhusūdana


iyaṃ dṛṣṭiḥ śāstrīya-dṛṣṭivad iṣṭaivety āśaṅkyāha etām iti | etāṃ prāg-uktāṃ lokāyatika-dṛṣṭim avaṣṭabhyālambya naṣṭatmāno bhraṣṭa-para-loka-sādhanā alpa-buddhayo dṛṣṭa-mātroddeśa-pravṛtta-mataya ugra-karmāṇo hiṃsā ahitāḥ śatravo jagataḥ prāṇi-jātasya kṣayāya vyāghra-sarpādi-rūpeṇa prabhavanti utpadyante | tasmād iyaṃ dṛṣṭir atyantādho-gati-hetutayā sarvātmanā śreyo ‚rthibhir avaheyaivety arthaḥ
 

Viśvanātha


evaṃ vādino ‚surāḥ kecin naṣṭātmānaḥ kecid alpajñānāḥ kecid ugra-karmāṇaḥ svacchandācārā mahā-nārakino bhavantīty āha | etām ity ekādaśabhiḥ | avaṣṭabhya ālambya
 

Baladeva


sva-sva-mata-nirṇāyakāni darśanāni ca taiḥ kṛtāni yāny āsthāya jagad-vinaśyatīty āha etām iti jātyaika-vacanam | etāni darśanāny avaṣṭabhyālambyālpa-buddhayo naṣṭātmāno ‚dṛṣṭa-dehādi-viviktātma-tattvā ugra-karmāṇo hiṃsā-paiśunya-pāruṣyādi-karma-niṣṭhā jagato ‚hitāḥ śatravaś ca santasya kṣayāya prabhavanti parmārthāj jagad-bhraṃśayantīty arthaḥ
 
 



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