BhG 16.18

ahaṃ-kāraṃ balaṃ darpaṃ kāmaṃ krodhaṃ ca saṃśritāḥ
mām ātma-para-deheṣu pradviṣanto bhyasūyakāḥ

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syntax


[te] abhyasūyakāḥ (these envious) ahaṁ-kāram (egotism) balam (strength) darpam (pride) kāmam (desire) krodham ca (anger) saṁśritāḥ (who took shelter of)
ātma-para-deheṣu (in [their] own and other bodies) mām (me) pradviṣantaḥ (hating) [santi] (they are).

 

grammar

ahaṁ-kāram ahaṁ-kāra 2n.1 m. ego, egotism, pride (from: aham – I; kṛ – to do, kāra – a doer);
balam bala 2n.1 n.strength, power;
darpam darpa 2n.1 m.pride, arrogance (from: dṛp – to be extravagant, to be proud);
kāmam kāma 2n.1 m. wish, desire, pleasure (from: kam –to wish, to love, to long for);
krodham krodha 2n.1 m.anger, wrath (from: krudh – to be angry);
ca av.and;
saṁśritāḥ saṁśrita (sam-śri – to  adhere, to lean on, to rest on, to depend on) PP 1n.3 m.who taken shelter (of whom? – requires accusative);
mām asmat sn. 2n.1me;
ātma-para-deheṣu ātma-para-deha 7n.3 m.; DV / TP: ātmanaḥ svasya pareṣāṁ ca deheṣuin the bodies of others and one’s own (from: ātman – self; para – another, strange; dih – to anoint, to smear, deha – a form, shape, body);
pradviṣantaḥ pra-dviṣant (pra-dviṣ to hate, to feel disgust) PPr 1n.3 m.who hate, who feel disgust;
abhyasūyakāḥ abhy-asūyaka 1n.3 m.who are full of spite, envy, ill-will (from: asūya – to be displeased)

 

textual variants


kāmaṁ krodhaṁ kāma-krodhe (desire and anger);
ca saṁśritāḥsamāśritāḥ / ca saṁsthitāḥ (who took shelter/ and situated);
mām ātma-para-deheṣu māmātmā para-deheṣu (my self in other bodies);
abhyasūyakāḥabhisūryakaḥ / hy asūyakāḥ / abhyasūyayā (resembling the Sun / indeed envious / by envy);

The first and second pada of verse 16.18 are similar to the first and second pada of verse BhG 18.53;

 
 



Śāṃkara


ahaṃkāram ahaṃkaraṇam ahaṃkāraḥ | vidyamānair avidyamānaiś ca guṇair ātmany adhyāropitair viśiṣṭam ātmānam aham iti manyate, so’haṃkāro’vidyākhyaḥ kaṣṭatamaḥ sarva-doṣāṇāṃ mūlaṃ sarvānartha-pravṛttīnāṃ ca, tam | tathā balaṃ parābhibhava-nimittaṃ kāma-rāgānvitam | darpaṃ darpo nāma yasya udbhave dharmam atikrāmati so’yam antaḥkaraṇāśrayo doṣa-viśeṣaḥ | kāmaṃ stry-ādi-viṣayam | krodham aniṣṭa-viṣayam | etān anyāṃś ca mahato doṣān saṃśritāḥ | kiṃ ca te mām īśvaram ātma-para-deheṣu sva-dehe para-deheṣu ca tad-buddhi-karma-sākṣi-bhūtaṃ māṃ pradviṣantaḥ, mac-chāsanātivartitvaṃ pradveṣaḥ, taṃ kurvanto’bhyasūyakāḥ san-mārga-sthānāṃ guṇeṣu asahamānāḥ
 

Rāmānuja


te cedṛgbhūtā yajanta ity āha
ananyāpekṣo ‚ham eva sarvaṃ karomītyevaṃrūpam ahaṃkāram āśritāḥ, tathā sarvasya karaṇe madbalam eva paryāptam iti ca balam, ato matsadṛśo na kaścid astīti ca darpam, evaṃbhūtasya mama kāmamātreṇa sarvaṃ saṃpatsyata iti kāmam, mama ye aniṣṭakāriṇas tān sarvān haniṣyāmīti ca krodham, evam etān saṃśritāḥ, svadeheṣu paradeheṣu cāvasthitaṃ sarvasya kārayitāraṃ puruṣottamaṃ mām abhyasūyakāḥ pradviṣantaḥ, kuyuktibhir matsthitau doṣam āviṣkurvanto mām asahamānāḥ / ahaṃkārādikān saṃśritā yāgādikaṃ sarvaṃ kriyājātaṃ kurvata ityarthaḥ
 

Śrīdhara


avidhi-pūrvakatvam eva prapañcayati ahaṅkāram iti | ahaṅkārādīn saṃśritāḥ santaḥ ātma-para-deheṣv ātma-deheṣu para-deheṣu ca cid-aṃśena sthitaṃ māṃ pradviṣanto yajante | dambha-yajñeṣu śraddhāyā abhāvād ātmano vṛthaiva pīḍā bhavati | tathā paśv-ādīnām apy avidhinā hiṃsāyāṃ caitanya-droha evāvaśiṣyata iti pradviṣanta ity uktam | abhyasūyakāḥ san-mārga-vartināṃ guṇeṣu doṣāropakāḥ
 

Madhusūdana


yakṣye dāsyāmīty ādi-saṅkalpena dambhāhaṅkārādi-pradhānena pravṛttānām āsurāṇāṃ bahiraṅga-sādhanam api yāga-dānādikaṃ karma na sidhyati, antaraṅga-sādhanaṃ tu jñāna-vairāgya-bhagavad-bhajanādi teṣāṃ durāpās tam evety āha ahaṅkāram iti | aham abhimāna-rūpo yo ‚haṅkāraḥ sa sarva-sādhāraṇaḥ | etais tv āropitair guṇair ātmano mahattvābhimānam ahaṅkāraṃ tathā balaṃ para-paribhava-nimittaṃ śarīra-gata-sāmarthya-viśeṣaṃ darpaṃ parāvadhīraṇā-rūpaṃ guru-nṛpādy-atikrama-kāraṇaṃ citta-doṣa-viśeṣaṃ kāmam iṣṭa-viṣayābhilāṣaṃ krodham aniṣṭa-viṣaya-dveṣam | ca-kārāt para-guṇāsahiṣṇutva-rūpaṃ mātsaryam | evam anyāṃś ca mahato doṣān saṃśritāḥ |
etādṛśā api patitās tava bhaktyā pūtāḥ santo narake na patiṣyantīti cen nety āha mām īśvaraṃ bhagavantam apara-deheṣu ātmanāṃ teṣām āsurāṇāṃ pareṣāṃ ca tat-putra-bhāryādīnāṃ deheṣu premāspadeṣu tat-tad-buddhi-karma-sākṣitayā santam atipremāspadam api durdaiva-paripākāt pradviṣanta īśvarasya mama śāsanaṃ śruti-smṛti-rūpaṃ tad-uktārthānuṣṭhāna-parāṅmukhatayā tad-ativartanaṃ me pradveṣas taṃ kurvantaḥ | nṛpādy-ājñā-laṅghanam eva hi tat-pradveṣa iti prasiddhaṃ loke |
nanu gurvādayaḥ kathaṃ tān nānuśāsati tatrāha abhyasūyakā gurv-ādīnāṃ vaidika-mārga-sthānāṃ kāruṇyādi-guṇeṣu pratāraṇādi-doṣāropakāḥ | atas te sarva-sādhana-śūnyā naraka eva patantīty arthaḥ |
mām ātma-para-deheṣv ity asyāparā vyākhyā sva-deheṣu para-deheṣu ca cid-aṃśena sthitaṃ māṃ pradviṣantāṃ yajante dambha-yajñeṣu śraddhāyā abhāvād dīkṣādinātmano vṛtahiva pīḍā bhavati | tathā paśv-ādīnām apy avidhinā hiṃsayā caitanya-droha-mātram avaśiṣyata iti |
aparā vyākhyā ātma-dehe jīvān āviṣṭe bhagaval-līlā-vigrahe vāsudevādi-samākhye manuṣyatvādi-bhramān māṃ pradviṣantaḥ | tathā para-deheṣu bhakta-deheṣu prahlādādi-samākhyeṣu sarvadāvirbhūtaṃ māṃ pradviṣanta iti yojanā | uktaṃ hi navame –
avajānanti māṃ mūḍhā mānuṣīṃ tanum āśritam |
paraṃ bhāvam ajānanto mama bhūta-maheśvaram ||
moghāśā mogha-karmāṇo mogha-jñānā vicetasaḥ |
rākṣasīm āsurīṃ caiva prakṛtiṃ mohinīṃ śritāḥ || [Gītā 9.11-12]
avyaktaṃ vyaktim āpannaṃ manyante mām abuddhayaḥ [Gītā 8.23] iti cānyatra | tathā ca bhajanīye dveṣān na bhaktyā pūtanā teṣāṃ sambhavatīty arthaḥ
 

Viśvanātha


māṃ paramātmānam amānayanta eva pradviṣantaḥ | yad vā ātma-parāḥ paramātma-parāyaṇāḥ sādhavas teṣāṃ deheṣu sthitaṃ māṃ pradviṣantaḥ sādhu-deha-dveṣād eva mad-dveṣa iti bhāvaḥ | abhyasūyakāḥ sādhūnāṃ guṇeṣu doṣāropakāḥ
 

Baladeva


sarvathā veda-tat-pratipādyeśvarāvamantarāc ta ity āha ahaṅkāram iti | ahaṅkārādīn saṃśritās te ātmanaḥ pareṣāṃ ca deheṣu niyāmakatayā bhartṛtayā cāvasthitaṃ māṃ sarveśvaraṃ mad-viṣayakaṃ vedaṃ ca pradviṣanto ‚vajñayākurvanto bhavanti | abhyasūyakāḥ kuṭila-yuktibhir mama vedasya ca guṇeṣu doṣān āropayantaḥ | aham eva svatantraḥ karomīty ahaṅkāraḥ | aham eva parākramīti balam | mat-tulyo na ko ‚py astīti darpaḥ | mad-icchaiva sarva-sādhiketi kāmaḥ | mat-pratīpam aham eva haniṣyāmīti krodhaś ca
 
 



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