BhG 2.65

prasāde sarva-duḥkhānāṃ hānir asyopajāyate
prasanna-cetaso hy āśu buddhiḥ paryavatiṣṭhate

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analysis

syntax


prasāde [sati] (in satisfaction) asya (of this) [puruṣasya] (of a person) sarva-duḥkhānāṁ (of all the distresses) hāniḥ (disappearance) upajāyate (it arises).
prasanna-cetasaḥ hi (indeed of one whose mind is satisfied) buddhiḥ (intelligence) āśu (quickly) paryavatiṣṭhate (it becomes steady).

 

grammar

prasāde – prasāda 7n.1 m. loc.abs. – in satisfaction (from: pra-√sad – to settle down, to be pleased, to be successful, prasāda – satisfaction, favour, calmness, clearness, success, kindness);
sarva-duḥkhānām – sarva-duḥkha 6n.3 n.; sarvāṇāṁ duḥkhānām iti – of all the distresses (from: sarva – all, whole; dur / dus – prefix: difficult, bad, hard; kha – cavity, hole, nave; duḥ-kha – pain, difficulty; literally: bad hole in the nave [of a wheel through which an axis runs] that makes the moving not smooth; or from: duḥ-√sthā; opposite to: sukha – joy, happiness);
hāniḥ – hāni 1n.1 f. – abandonment, loss, disappearance (from: √han – to strike, to beat, to kill to destroy or from: √hā – to leave, to abandon);
asya – idam sn. 6n.1 n. – of this;
upajāyate – upa-√jan (to be born, to arise) Praes. Ā 1v.1 – it arises;
prasanna-cetasaḥ – prasanna-cetas 6n.1 m.; BV: yasya cetas prasannam asti tasya – of one whose mind is satisfied (from: pra-√sad – to settle down, to be pleased, to be successful, PP prasanna – clear, pleased, soothed; √cit – to perceive, to think, cetas – mind, thought, heart, consciousness);
hi – av. – because, just, indeed, surely;
āśu – av. – quickly, immediately, directly;
buddhiḥ – buddhi 1n.1 f. – intelligence, thought, understanding, knowledge, idea, opinion (from: √budh – to wake, to perceive, to understand);
paryavatiṣṭhate – pari-ava-√sthā (to be steady) Praes. Ā 1v.1 – it becomes steady;

 

textual variants


paryavatiṣṭhate → paryavatiṣṭhati (it becomes steady);

 
 


commentaries

Śāṃkara

The key:
an excerpt from the commented verse
quotes from the scriptures
starting polemic

(Question): – What will happen when peace is attained?
(Answer): – Listen:		 prasāde sati kiṃ syāt ity ucyate –

In peace there is an end of all his miseries;
for, the reason of the tranquil-minded soon becomes steady.

 prasāde sarva-duḥkhānāṃ hānir asyopajāyate |
prasanna-cetaso hy āśu buddhiḥ paryavatiṣṭhate ||2.65||

On the attainment of peace there is an end of all the devotee’s miseries such as pertain to the body and the mind.

 prasāde sarva-duḥkhānām ādhyātmikādīnāṃ hānir vināśo ’sya yater upajāyate |

For, the reason (buddhi) of the pure-minded man soon becomes steady, pervading on all sides like the akaśa; i.e, it remains steadfast, in the form of the Self.

 kiṃ ca prasanna-cetasaḥ svasthāntaḥ-karaṇasya hi yasmāt āśu śīghraṃ buddhiḥ paryavatiṣṭhate ākāśam iva pari samantāt avatiṣṭhate, ātma-svarūpeṇaiva niścalībhavatīty arthaḥ |

The sense of the passage is this: – -The man whose heart is pure and whose mind is steady has achieved his object. Wherefore the devout man should resort only to those sense-objects which are indispensable and not forbidden by the śastras, with the senses devoid of love and hatred.

 evaṃ prasanna-cetaso ’vasthita-buddhiḥ kṛta-kṛtyatā yataḥ, tasmāt rāga-dveṣa-viyuktair indriyaiḥ śāstrā-viruddheṣu avarjanīyeṣu yuktaḥ samācaret iti vākyārthaḥ ||2.65||

 

Rāmānuja

asya puruṣasya manasaḥ prasāde sati prakṛti-saṃsarga-prayukta-sarva-duḥkhānāṃ hānir upajāyate | prasanna-cetasa ātmāvalokana-virodhi-doṣa-rahita-manasaḥ tadānīm eva hi viviktātma-viṣayā buddhir mayi paryavatiṣṭhate | ato manaḥ-prasāde sarva-duḥkhānāṃ hānir bhavati eva

 

Śrīdhara

prasāde sati kiṃ syād ity atrāha prasāda iti | prasāde sati sarva-duḥkha-nāśaḥ | tataś ca prasanna-cetaso buddhiḥ pratiṣṭhitā bhavatīty arthaḥ

 

Madhusūdana

prasādam adhigacchatīty uktaṃ tatra prasāde sati kiṃ syād ity ucyate prasāda iti | cittasya prasāde svacchatva-rūpe sati sarva-duḥkhānām ādhyātmikādīnām ajñāna-vilasitānāṃ hānir vināśo ‚sya yater upajāyate | hi yasmāt prasanna-cetaso yater āśu śīghram eva buddhir brahmātmaikyākārā paryavatiṣṭhate pari samantād avatiṣṭhate sthirā bhavati viparīta-bhāvanādi-pratibandhābhāvāt | tataś ca prasāde sati buddhi-paryavasthānaṃ tatas tad-virodhy-ajñāna-nivṛttiḥ | tatas tat-kārya-sakala-duḥkha-hānir iti krame ‚pi prasāde yatrādhikyāya sarva-duḥkha-hāni-karatva-kathanam iti na virodhaḥ

 

Viśvanātha

buddhiḥ paryavatiṣṭhate sarvato-bhāvena svābhīṣṭaṃprati sthirī-bhavatīti viṣaya-grahaṇābhāvād api samucita-viṣaya-grahaṇaṃ tasya sukham iti bhāvaḥ | prasanna-cetaso iti citta-prasādo bhaktyaiveti jñeyam | tayā vinā tu na citta-prasāda iti prathama-skandha eva prapañcitam | kṛta-vedānta-śāstrasyāpi vyāsasyāprasanna-cittasya śrī-nāradopadiṣṭayā bhaktyaiva citta-prasāda-dṛṣṭeḥ

 

Baladeva

prasāde sati kiṃ syād ity āha asya yogino manaḥ prasāde sati sarveṣāṃ prakṛti-saṃsarga-kṛtānāṃ duḥkhānāṃ hānir upajāyate | prasanna-cetasaḥ svātma-yāthātmya-viṣayā buddhiḥ paryavatiṣṭhate sthirā bhavati

 
 


translations

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