dehī nityam avadhyo ‘yaṃ dehe sarvasya bhārata
tasmāt sarvāṇi bhūtāni na tvaṃ śocitum arhasi
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he bhārata (O descendant of Bhārata!),
sarvasya (of all) dehe (in the body) ayam (he) dehī (the embodied one) nityam (always) avadhyaḥ (not to be killed) [
asti]
(is).
tasmāt (therefore) tvam (you) sarvāṇi (all) bhūtāni (creatures) śocitum (to lament) na arhasi (you should not).
| dehī |
– |
dehin 1n.1 m. – the embodied one (from: √dih – to anoint, to smear, deha – a form, shape, body; dehin = dehavant = dehābhimānin – who possesses a body, thinking about oneself as a body); |
| nityam |
– |
av. – constantly, eternally (from: nitya – continual, eternal); |
| avadhyaḥ |
– |
a-vadhya (√han – to kill) PF 1n.1 m. – not to be killed (from: vadhya – to be killed); |
| ayam |
– |
idam sn. 1n.1 m. – he; |
| dehe |
– |
deha 7n.1 m. – in the body (from: √dih – to anoint, to smear, deha – a form, shape, body); |
| sarvasya |
– |
sarva sn. 6n.1 m. – of all, of everyone; |
| bhārata |
– |
bhārata 8n.1 m. – O descendant of Bhārata; |
| tasmāt |
– |
av. – therefore (from: tat sn. 5n.1 m. – from that); |
| sarvāṇi |
– |
sarva sn. 2n.3 n. – all; |
| bhūtāni |
– |
bhūta 2n.3 n. – beings, creatures (from: √bhū – to be, PP bhūta – been, real, world); |
| na |
– |
av. – not; |
| tvam |
– |
yuṣmat sn. 1n.1 – you; |
| śocitum |
– |
√śuc (to lament) inf. – to lament; |
| arhasi |
– |
√arh (to deserve, to be able to) Praes. P 2v.1 – you deserve; |
na tvaṃ śocitum → nānuśocitum / nātra śocitum (not to lament / here not to lament);
The key:
an excerpt from the commented verse
quotes from the scriptures
starting polemic
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Now the Lord concludes the subject of this section thus:
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athedānīṃ prakaraṇārtham upasaṃharan brūte – |
|
He, the embodied (Self) in every one’s body,
can never be killed, O descendant of Bharata.
Wherefore thou oughtst not to grieve about any creature.
|
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dehī nityam avadhyo ’yaṃ dehe sarvasya bhārata |
tasmāt sarvāṇi bhūtāni na tvaṃ śocitum arhasi ||2.30|| |
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Though the body of any creature whatever is killed, the Self cannot be killed;
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dehī śarīrī nityaṃ sarvadā sarvāvasthāsu avadhyaḥ niravayavatvān nityatvāc ca | tatra avadhyo ’yaṃ dehe śarīre sarvasya sarva-gatatvāt sthāvarādiṣu sthito ’pi | |
|
wherefore, you ought not to grieve regarding any creature whatever, Bhishma or anybody else.
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sarvasya prāṇi-jātasya dehe vadhyamāne ’py ayaṃ dehī na vadhyo yasmāt, tasmād bhīṣmādīni sarvāṇi bhūtāni uddiśya na tvaṃ śocitum arhasi ||2.30|| |
sarvasya devādi-dehino dehe vadhyamāne’py ayaṃ dehī nityam avadhya iti mantavyaḥ | tasmāt sarvāṇi devādi-sthāvarantāni bhūtāni viṣamākārāṇy apy uktena svabhāvena svarūpataḥ samānāni nityāni ca | deha-gataṃ tu vaiṣamyam anityatvaṃ ca | tato devādīni sarvāṇi bhūtāny uddiśya na śocitum arhasi na kevalaṃ bhīṣmādīn prati
tad evam avadhyatvam ātmanaḥ saṅkṣepenopadiśan aśocyatvam upasaṃharati dehīty ādi | spaṣṭo ‚rthaḥ
idānīṃ sarva-prāṇi-sādhāraṇa-bhrama-nivṛtti-sādhanam uktam upasaṃharati dehīti | sarvasya prāṇi-jātasya dehe vadhyamāne ‚py ayaṃ dehī liṅga-dehopādhir ātmā vadhyo na bhavatīti nityaṃ niyataṃ yasmāt tasmāt sarvāṇi bhūtāni sthūlāni sūkṣmāṇi ca bhīṣmādi-bhāvāpannāny uddiśya tvaṃ na śocitum arhasi | sthūla-dehasyāśocyatvam aparihāryatvāt | liṅga-dehasyāśocyatvam ātmavad evāvadhyatvād iti na sthūla-dehasya liṅga-dehasyātmano vā śocyatvaṃ yuktam iti bhāvaḥ
tarhi niścitya brūhi kim ahaṃ kuryāṃ kiṃ vā na kuryām iti | tatra śokaṃ mā kuru yuddhaṃ tu kurv ity āha dehīti dvābhyām
tad evaṃ duradhigamaṃ jīva-yāthātmyaṃ samāsenopadiśann aśocyatvam upasaṃharati dehīti | sarvasya jīva-gaṇasya dehe hanyamāne ‚py ayaṃ dehī jīvo nityam avadhyo yasmāt tasmāt tvaṃ sarvāṇi bhūtāni bhīṣmādi-bhāvāpannāni śocituṃ nārhasi | ātmanāṃ nityatvād aśocyatvaṃ tad-dehānāṃ tv avaśya-vināśatvāt tattvam ity arthaḥ
